September 19, 2007
Division of Corporation Finance
Securities and Exchange Commission
Washington DC, 20549
Attention: Lesli L. Sheppard, Attorney Advisor
Re: |
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Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc.
Definitive 14A
Filed March 16, 2007
File No. 001-07182 |
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We refer to your comment letter of
August 21, 2007 addressed to Stan ONeal, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of
Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. (Merrill Lynch or the Company), a
copy of which is attached to this letter. Our responses are set forth below. In order to
assist in your review of our responses to your comments, we have referenced the Section
and Proxy Statement page number as well as the comment number in your original letter.
Board Independence and
Expertise, page 16
1. |
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In future proxy statements we will revise this section to include a summary of
the key elements of our Director Independence Standards in addition to
referencing the attached standards. |
MDCC Compensation
Consultant, page 27
2. |
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Our disclosure was intended to emphasize that Towers Perrin does not make
recommendations as to compensation levels but instead participates at the
request of the MDCC in the process leading to its decisions. In future filings,
we will revise our disclosure to provide additional detail, substantially as
follows: |
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The
MDCC retained the services of Towers Perrin to advise it in fulfilling its
responsibilities under the MDCC Charter. In the course of these services in 2006, the
Towers Perrin consultant (1) reviewed all MDCC materials; (2) made an annual presentation
to the MDCC on trends in executive compensation; (3) reviewed drafts of the CD&A and
related tables prior to filing; and (4) attended and participated in all MDCC meetings,
including executive sessions. However, Towers Perrin has not been engaged to make specific
compensation recommendations. Pursuant to the Companys governance model, the Board
and the MDCC make all decisions regarding executive pay and benefits. The MDCC has
authorized the Towers Perrin |
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consultant to interact with the Companys management for
any purpose related to these services, such as to obtain or confirm information. |
Compensation Discussion
and Analysis, page 34
3. |
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In future proxy statements, we will revise this section to attempt to more
clearly explain the linkage of industry factors to compensation awarded. We
note, however, that the MDCC feels the industry context is material to an
understanding of its compensation decisions. |
We Offer Compensation
Opportunities that are Competitive. . ., page 36
4. |
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In future proxy statements, we will specifically identify the major data sources
that are used to make executive compensation decisions. The primary data source
for our executive officers is publicly reported information. Where such
information is not available or not definitive, benchmark and trend data from
market surveys are also utilized by management, reviewed with Towers Perrin, and
presented to the MDCC. |
Conversion Ratios, page 40
5. |
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We did not disclose specific target ROE levels for the MP Plan in our 2007 proxy
statement in reliance on the Instruction 4 to Section 402(b) of Regulation S-K,
because we believe that this information is confidential financial information,
disclosure of which would cause competitive harm for Merrill Lynch. The ROE
hurdles were structured and determined to create incentives for ROE growth based
on an assessment of market conditions, plans for capital management, projections
for revenue growth, and other confidential financial estimates. We believe that
disclosure of the specific measures identified as minimum,
target and maximum would cause competitive harm in a
number of ways. For instance, we compete with financial services firms for
unique and limited investment opportunities in growth markets through
acquisitions. These potential acquisitions are often subject to a competitive
bidding process. To the extent our competitors in these auctions are able to
draw conclusions about our ROE projections and other growth assumptions, or make
assumptions about how these incentives might affect our willingness to bid, they
can use this information to improve their own bidding position. Other bidders
that do not use such measures in their compensation process or that are private
companies will not be required to disclose such confidential financial
estimates, placing us at a competitive disadvantage. Also, to the extent Merrill
Lynch stock is offered as part of the consideration for these acquisitions, our
competitors might refer to our ROE targets as an indication of our views on the
prospects for the stock, arguing that their own stock is a better acquisition
currency. Similarly, as we seek to grow in capital intensive businesses, our
competitors would likely try to position this information negatively with
potential clients in order to win business away from us. For example, when
competing for prime brokerage business from hedge funds clients, they could try
to use the data to suggest that we do not have enough capital to support the
clients growth plans or, in the leveraged lending context, they could try
to use it |
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to suggest to borrowers that we are less likely to hold on to loans
and more likely to sell them in the market.(1) |
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Although
we have omitted the specific hurdles, we believe we have included all material information
about the MP Plan by providing substantial detail about the operation of the plan and how
the hurdles were set, and we disclosed that ROE for the first year of the plan exceeded
the maximum target level. In addition, as required by Instruction 4, we disclosed (in the
third paragraph under 2006 ROE on page 40) that, subject to certain
assumptions about market conditions and execution to plan, that we would likely achieve
target ROE in future plan years and that it is possible that the plan would pay out at or
near the maximum level in each year. We also disclosed, in the chart on page 51, the
fiscal year-end market value of the awards based on conversion at the maximum ratio of 2.5
to 1 for all three plan years. |
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With respect to the discussion on page 44, we will revise our discussion in
future proxy statements to clarify that the MDCCs consideration is not
formulaic but that the MDCC instead considers the listed objectives as part of
the overall mix of factors informing its compensation decision (including its
perception of absolute and relative performance, market pay levels and
competitive factors). One aspect considered by the MDCC in 2006 included actual
performance relative to internal targets. We understand that the Staff is not
requiring disclosure of internal targeted performance in this context but
instead is requesting textual discussion. We attempted to provide such a
discussion in the first bullet of financial factors and will
continue to do so as applicable in future filings. We further believe that
detailed disclosure of our financial, strategic, operating and leadership
objectives would result in significant competitive harm to the Company, in that
it would enable our competitors to have advance knowledge of specific strategic
and tactical plans, enable them to discern the strengths and weaknesses of those
plans and target the weak points for attack, enable them to cast our plans in a
negative light when competing for client business, and give them the opportunity
to imitate or counteract proprietary strategies. |
Financial Review, page 43
6. |
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In future proxy statements, to the extent this type of competitive analysis is a
material factor in the MDCCs compensation determinations, we will provide
our relative ranking within the Peer Group companies for the major financial
measures considered in the evaluation of the Companys relative
performance. |
Executive Officer Review,
page 46
7. |
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In future proxy statements, we will include an enhanced discussion of the
performance of each individual executive as well as an enhanced discussion of
any |
_________________
(1)
We understand that courts apply the FOIA financial or commercial
information exemption have held that a showing of actual harm is not
required. Instead, the required showings are (1) actual competition and (2) a
likelihood of substantial competitive injury if the information were released.
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other factors unique to the determination for each executive officer. We
originally sought to avoid repetition by referencing the CEO discussion, because
many of the business unit achievements that the MDCC considered in its
evaluation of CEO performance were considered in determining the compensation of
executives responsible for those business units. |
2006 Annual Executive
Compensation, page 46
8. |
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In future proxy statements, we will revise the heading to read Summary of
MDCCs [Year] Salary and Bonus Determinations. (The table you refer
to is intended to show the MDCCs annual salary and bonus determinations
and is part of Compensation Discussion and Analysis.) We will also revise the
language following the table to clarify that this table is not a substitute for
the SEC mandated Summary Compensation Table, and the amounts in our table are
comprised of annual salary, cash bonus and the grant value of annual stock
awards, whereas the Summary Compensation Table includes other elements of
compensation, including accounting recognition of past stock awards, change in
pension value and non-qualified deferred compensation earnings, and the cost of
perquisites and other personal benefits. |
Summary Compensation
Table, page 47
9. |
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We respectfully believe we have complied with this requirement. The apparent
differences in the Total and Stock Awards columns for Mr. ONeal and Mr.
Fakahany are driven by the retirement definitions in our stock grants and the
accounting treatment that results from these definitions and are explained in
footnote 2 to the Summary Compensation Table and in Tax, Accounting and
Regulatory Factors in the Compensation Discussion and Analysis. The table
in footnote 2 shows that the full grant value of the 2006 stock awards (for 2005
performance) for all executives was recognized in 2006 when we adopted FAS 123R.
At the same time, we started accruing for 2007 awards for retirement eligible
employees. Since Mr. ONeal and Mr. Fakahany were retirement eligible under
our definitions and Mr. Kim and Mr. Fleming were not, accounting rules required
us to recognize in 2006 two full-year stock grants for Mr. ONeal and Mr.
Fakahany, but only one full-year stock grant for Mr. Kim and Mr. Fleming. In
addition, Mr. ONeal received his entire 2004 bonus in restricted stock,
while the other executives received a combination of cash and stock in that
year, resulting in a higher accounting recognition for the 2005 grant year for
Mr. ONeal as noted in footnote (b) to the table in footnote 2. If you
refer to the table on page 46, you will see that when the stock awards for 2006
performance are included at grant date fair value, the totals do not suggest
material variations in compensation policies or decisions. |
Grants of Plan-Based
Awards, page 50
10. |
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We grant stock awards in January for performance in the preceding fiscal year.
As such, we believed it was mandated by the principles underlying the new
disclosure regime to identify in the table the awards that relate to the
compensation cycle being |
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discussed in the Compensation Discussion and Analysis, rather than the awards
for a prior performance year (which were based on compensation decisions
described in a year-old proxy statement). For completeness, we also included the
value of the prior years grant in a footnote. If you believe that your
suggested approach is mandated given our specific context, we will comply in
future proxy statements. |
Non-Qualified Deferred
Compensation, page 55
11. |
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In future proxy statements, we will clarify the meaning of notional
leverage amounts, by including language substantially as follows in
footnote 2 to the table: |
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With respect to private equity indexes offered to eligible employees
(including executives in 2001), participants were offered the opportunity to
have the return (whether positive or negative) on the private equity benchmark
amplified (or leveraged) on up to a two-to-one basis. This enables the executive
to increase exposure to the particular private equity investment without an
incremental deferral. For participants electing this opportunity, an amount
equal to this additional initial investment (or leverage) plus notional interest
at the applicable federal rate and the annual 2% fee is deducted before the
executives account is credited with any return. The private equity
benchmarks do not have a fixed rate of return, but are attributed with gains or
losses only when portfolio companies are actually sold or transferred. In the
case of the 2001 private equity benchmarks where the executives were permitted
to leverage their returns, the returns are not yet sufficient to offset the
deductions, and the numbers in the table above are net of these deductions. The
remaining leverage (including accrued notional interest) for each participating
executive officer under deferred compensation plans tied to private equity
indexes is set forth in the table below:" |
Potential Payments Upon
Termination or Change in Control, page 56
12. |
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In future proxy statements, we will include a summary of the definitions of
Cause and Good Reason as those terms are defined in the
change-in-control severance agreements and our stock-based compensation plans at
the end of the material set forth in page 56 of the 2007 proxy statement as
follows: |
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For purposes of the change-in-control severance agreements and the stock
plans the definitions of Cause and Good Reason are
summarized below:
Termination for Cause means the termination by the Company of the
executives employment for: |
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the willful
and continued failure to perform his or her duties (other than in connection
with physical or mental illness or retirement) after a written demand,
specifically identifying the failure to perform, has been delivered to the
executive by the Board of Directors; or |
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willfully engaging in conduct that
is demonstrably and materially injurious to the Company, monetarily or otherwise. |
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Prior to any termination for Cause, an executive must receive a resolution
adopted by three-quarters of the Board of Directors at a meeting of the Board
called and held for such purpose (with the executive receiving reasonable notice
and being afforded an opportunity to appear with counsel in order to be heard by
the Board) finding that in the good faith opinion of the Board the executive was
guilty of conduct of the nature described above.
Good Reason means the termination by the executive of his or her
employment for:
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A post-transaction reduction in
salary or annual bonus or meaningful and detrimental change in the executive's
status or responsibilities; |
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Relocation more than
50 miles from his or her previous work location or to an undesirable location; |
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Failure to continue to maintain any of the compensation plans in which the executive
participated or provide benefits and perquisites at least as favorable as those in effect
prior to the transaction; |
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Failure by the successor
corporation to assume the obligations under the change-in-control severance agreements; or
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A termination of the executives employment for any reason without providing
notice. |
13. |
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The change in control severance arrangements described in this section are
double trigger arrangements, meaning they result in a payment only
if there is a change in control of the Company and the executive is terminated
without Cause or resigns for Good Reason following a change in control. The
purpose of these arrangements is to ensure that our key executives, who would be
essential to the negotiation, execution, completion and integration of any
change in control transaction, are not influenced in their decision making by
concerns about their continuation with the Company after the transaction, or
motivated to depart without facilitating the orderly completion of the
transaction. In the event they are triggered, the payouts under these
arrangements would be determined by reference to historical compensation levels,
and the 2.99 times multiplier is designed to provide the maximum severance
benefit possible without triggering federal excise taxes. These contracts were
put in place by our Board of Directors in 1990 and have remained in place since
then. The Board periodically reviews the terms of these agreements and the scope
of participation, including a review of the practices of competitors and other
major companies. In future proxy statements, we will include additional
disclosure to the effect of the foregoing. |
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We
also disclose that our stock plans provide for acceleration of vesting and cash payment
for unvested stock awards in the event of a change in control followed by termination
without Cause or resignation for Good Reason. As noted on the top
of page 42 and on the bottom of page 56, these provisions apply to all participants in our
stock plans, including executive officers. Consistent with most companies in our industry,
we pay a substantial amount of annual performance bonuses in stock with
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multi-year vesting
periods in order to promote retention and continued high performance. The size of each
participants awards is determined on the basis of performance in the relevant fiscal
years. The change in control provisions in the plans are designed to protect all
participants from losing the benefit of these awards if they are subsequently terminated
without Cause or leave for Good Reason following a change in
control. In future proxy statements, we will include additional disclosure to the effect
of the foregoing. |
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This
concludes our responses. In providing these responses, the Company acknowledges that: |
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The Company is
responsible for the adequacy and accuracy of the disclosure in the filing;
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Staff
comments or changes to disclosure in response to comments do not foreclose the
Commission from taking any action with respect to the filing; and |
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The Company may not assert staff comments as a defense in any proceeding initiated by the
Commission or any person under the federal securities laws of the United States. |
If
you wish to discuss any of these responses, please feel free to contact me at
212-670-0180.
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Sincerely,
/s/ Richard B. Alsop |
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