May 13, 2011
Mr. Hugh West
Division of Corporation Finance
United States Securities and Exchange Commission
100 F Street, NE
Washington, DC 20549
|
|
|
RE: |
|
Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. (the Company)
Form 10-K for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2010
Filed March 1, 2011
File No.: 001-07182 |
Dear Mr. West:
We have received and reviewed your letter dated April 13, 2011. The following are our responses to
each of your comments and requests. For ease of reference, we have repeated the Staffs comments.
Our responses are intended to address the comments and questions raised by the Staff. We would be
pleased to continue to work with the Staff in resolving any matter requiring further attention.
Risk Factors
Preamble, page 7
|
1. |
|
Revise, in future filings, to indicate that the discussion is of all
significant risks and delete the word, in the third line on page 7, some. See Item 503c of Regulation S-K. |
|
|
|
Response: |
|
When including Risk Factor disclosure in future filings, the Company will clarify that in
accordance with Item 503(c) of Regulation S-K the Risk Factor disclosure sets forth a
discussion of the most significant factors that could affect its businesses, operations and
financial condition. Accordingly, the Company will delete the word some as requested. |
Mortgage and Housing Market-Related Risk, page 9
|
2. |
|
Revise, in future filings, to disclose the aggregate unpaid balance, $71
billion, as well as the prior year end balance, of assets sold subject to warranties
and representations and also disclose the amount of reserves for both years as well as
the range of possible additional losses. In addition, disclose the charges to income
for both years. |
|
|
|
Response: |
|
In the Risk Factor disclosure regarding mortgage and housing market-related risks in
future filings, the Company will include a cross reference to the each of the following, if
material, in the Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations (MD&A) and/or a note to the consolidated financial statements, |
1
|
|
|
|
|
as applicable, for the period then ended and for the prior year period: (a) the
outstanding principal balance of residential mortgage loans originated from 2004 to
2008 which through securitizations or whole loans sales were subject to
representations and warranties, and (b) the corresponding charges to income, if any.
The Company will also provide a cross reference to the range of possible losses for
representations and warranties related to the non-government-sponsored enterprises
sales. |
|
3. |
|
Revise, in future filings, to disclose the amount of your litigation reserves
and the range of possible losses in excess of such reserves for the current year as well
as the prior year. In addition, disclose the charges to income for both years. Make
conforming changes to your managements discussion and analysis. |
|
|
|
Response: |
|
In the Risk Factor disclosure regarding its potential legal liability and regulatory risk
in future filings, the Company will include within such Risk Factor disclosure a cross reference to
the each of the following, if material, in the specific note to the consolidated financial
statements where such information is located: (a) the amount of litigation-related expenses
incurred, excluding fees paid to external legal service providers, for the period then ended and
for the comparable prior year period, and (b) for those matters where an estimate is possible, the
current period estimated aggregate range of possible loss for litigation and regulatory matters, in
excess of the accrued liability, if any. In future filings, the Company will also include a similar
cross reference in the MD&A to the specific note to the consolidated financial statements where
such information is located. The purpose of the estimated aggregate range of possible loss for
litigation and regulatory matters is to provide the Companys current estimate of additional
charges that may possibly be recorded in future periods. We believe the disclosure of the prior years
estimate, therefore, would not be meaningful. |
|
|
|
With respect to accruals for ligation and regulatory matters, the Company does not believe that
disclosure of its current accruals is necessary or appropriate Risk Factor or MD&A disclosure. The
Company recognizes its obligation to disclose current accruals for litigation and regulatory
matters in the financial statements to the extent necessary to prevent the financial statements
from being misleading. The Company currently believes that it is not necessary to disclose its
accrued liability for litigation and regulatory matters so as to prevent its financial statements
from being misleading. The Company will continue to evaluate this conclusion in future filings.
|
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Results of Operations
Year Ended December 31, 2010 Compared With Year Ended December 31, 2009, page 32
|
4. |
|
We understand you have filed your 10-K with a reduced disclosure format as
permitted by Instruction I(2) of the General Instructions. In an effort to provide
greater transparency and clarity to your comparison of results of operations, please
ensure in future filings to quantify separately the effect of each causal factor that
you cite for material changes in your financial statement amounts. Note, explanations
of material changes should include, but not be limited to, changes in the various
elements which determine revenue and expense levels such as unit sales volume, prices
charged and paid. For example (but not limited to): |
|
|
|
In regards to increases and decreases in your commissions revenues (as
discussed on page 33), it might be helpful to quantify the volume of equity |
2
|
|
|
securities, commodities, and options transactions for the respective
reporting periods. |
|
|
|
|
In regards to your managed account and other fee-based revenue (as
discussed on page 33), we note increases were primarily driven by a higher
level of fee-based assets resulting from increased client flows and market
appreciation. It might be helpful to quantify increases in the number of new
and existing accounts, average account balances, or the impact of increases
or decreases in fee charged. |
|
|
|
Response: |
|
The Company included in its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31,
2011 enhanced quantitative information in its discussion of Commission revenues as well as,
where appropriate, additional quantitative information regarding causal factors that it cites
that materially affected certain revenue and expense items included within its results of
operations. In future filings, the Company will continue to provide this quantitative
information, where appropriate, for causal factors that it cites. The Company will also
provide other enhanced quantitative information in future filings to the extent it determines
such additional information explains changes in certain aspects of the Companys results of
operations or is otherwise meaningful to investors. The Company is unable to separately
quantify the effect that each individual factor had on its Principal transactions revenues.
The amount of Principal transactions revenues generated in any particular period is affected
by numerous complex and broad factors and the interaction of a wide variety of these factors,
including but not limited to the level and volatility of asset prices and interest rates,
trading volumes, credit spreads, overall global market and economic conditions, and investor
sentiment and preferences. Accordingly, the Company is generally unable to isolate and
separately quantify the impact of each individual factor on its Principal transaction
revenues, but the Company will continue to provide qualitative information regarding the
factors that impact such revenues, where appropriate. |
|
5. |
|
We note the various components that comprise your principal transactions
revenue; however, it is not clear how much of this revenue was generated from your
proprietary trading business. We believe that separate quantification of your
proprietary trading revenues will provide useful information to allow readers to
understand the significance of your proprietary trading activities to your overall
results of operations and to more clearly understand the impact that the Volcker rule
and its limitations on proprietary trading activities is expected to have on your
business going forward. Accordingly, please revise your future filings to: |
|
|
|
Separately disclose your revenues earned from proprietary trading
activities and provide us with this information for the periods presented; |
|
|
|
|
Clearly define what you consider to represent proprietary trading
activities and discuss changes you plan to implement, or have implemented, as
a result of future prohibitions or limitations on this type of activity in
the future; and |
|
|
|
|
Make conforming changes to the risk factor on page 13 that discusses the
risks associated with the implementation of limitations on proprietary
trading. |
3
|
|
|
Response: |
|
In the Companys Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2011, the
Company discussed what it considers to represent its proprietary trading activities and
disclosed the revenues generated by these activities for the quarters ended March 31, 2011 and
2010. The Company will continue to provide this disclosure in future filings and will update
its disclosures about the expected impact of the Volcker Rule as relevant regulations are
finalized and implemented to the extent that such activities are material to the Companys
results of operations or financial condition. In addition, to the extent the Company
believes that the information is required under Item 503(c) of Regulation S-K, in future
filings, the Company will also include in its Risk Factor disclosure additional qualitative
and quantitative disclosures about its proprietary trading activities, as appropriate. |
|
|
|
|
|
The disclosure that the Company has included within the Results of Operations section
of its MD&A included in the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March
31, 2011 is as follows: |
|
|
|
Included in principal transactions revenues are net revenues associated with
activities we have identified as proprietary trading, which is conducted
separately from our customer trading activities. Our proprietary trading
operations have engaged in trading activities in a variety of products,
including stocks, bonds, currencies and commodities. In anticipation of the
Volcker Rules prohibitions against proprietary trading becoming effective, we
have begun winding down our proprietary trading operations, with completion
expected later this year. The revenues from these operations for the quarters
ended March 31, 2011 and March 31, 2010 were $208 million and $456 million,
respectively, of which $192 million and $414 million were included within
principal transactions revenues. The remainder of the revenues for these
operations were primarily recorded within net interest revenues. |
|
|
The disclosure that the Company has included within the Executive Summary section of
its MD&A under Financial Reform Act Limitations on Certain Activities included in
the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2011 is as follows: |
|
|
|
We anticipate that the final regulations associated with the Financial Reform
Act will include limitations on proprietary trading, as will be defined by
various regulators (the Volcker Rule). The Volcker Rule will include
clarifications to the definition of proprietary trading, and distinctions
between permitted and prohibited activities have not yet been finalized. The
final regulations are required to be in place by October 21, 2011, and the
Volcker Rule becomes effective twelve months after such rules are final or on
July 21, 2012, whichever is earlier. The Volcker Rule then gives certain
financial institutions two years from the effective date, with opportunities
for additional extensions, to bring activities and investments into
conformance. In anticipation of the adoption of the final regulations, we have
begun winding down our proprietary trading operations, with completion
expected later this year. The ultimate impact of the Volcker Rules
prohibition on proprietary trading continues to remain uncertain, including
any additional significant operational and compliance costs we may incur. We
continue to work with regulators to develop appropriate procedures and metrics
that may be used to distinguish proprietary trading from permissible
activities. For |
4
|
|
|
additional
information about our proprietary trading business,
see Results of Operations. |
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 2 Transactions with Bank of America
Other Related Party Transactions, page 75
|
6. |
|
We note that you recognized a gain of approximately $280 million from the sale
of approximately $11 billion of available-for-sale securities and a gain of
approximately $600 million from the sale of Bloomberg Inc. notes receivable to Bank of
America. Please address the following: |
|
|
|
Tell us how you determined that it was appropriate to recognize a gain on
these transactions given that they represent transfers of assets between related
parties under common control (refer to ASC 805-50-30 and ASC 850-10); |
|
|
|
|
Explain the business purpose for the aforementioned transactions; and |
|
|
|
|
Cite the specific authoritative guidance you used to support your accounting
treatment. |
|
|
|
Response: |
|
The transactions in question related to sales of financial
assets between affiliated companies. In both the Bloomberg notes
sale and the sale of the available-for-sale (AFS) portfolio of
U.S. Agency CMOs, the Company transferred the assets at fair
value to a regulated banking entity, Bank of America, N.A.
(BANA), that is required by Regulation W to enter into all
transactions with non-bank affiliates at arms-length terms.
All gains and basis adjustments, however, were eliminated in the
consolidated financial statements of Bank of America Corporation
(Bank of America), which is the ultimate parent of the
Company. We concluded that the guidance in ASC 860-10-55-78 is
relevant to these transactions. This guidance applies to
transfers of financial instruments and states that: |
|
|
|
|
|
A transfer from one subsidiary...to another subsidiary...of a
common parent would be accounted for as a sale in the transferor
subsidiarys financial statements if both of the following
requirements are met: |
|
a. |
|
All of the conditions in paragraph ASC 860-10-40-5
[SFAS No. 166 paragraph 9] (including the condition on isolation of the
transferred assets) are met. |
|
|
b. |
|
The transferees assets and liabilities are not
consolidated into the separate entity financial statements of the
transferor.1 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
BANA, the transferee, is not consolidated into the Companys separate entity financial statements. |
5
|
|
|
The Company (as the transferring subsidiary) does not have any continuing involvement
with or interest in the transferred assets and received cash in full as consideration
for the transfers. Therefore we have concluded that the criteria in ASC 860-10-40-5
were met. Because the transactions each involved a sale of financial assets, we
concluded that it was appropriate to apply the guidance in ASC 860-20-40-1B, which
requires the recognition of a gain on sale when assets are derecognized. |
|
|
|
|
Based on the guidance provided in ASC 805-50-15-6, we do not believe the guidance in
ASC 805-50-30 applies to these transactions. ASC 805-50-30 instead applies to
business combinations type activities for companies under common control including,
for example: creation of subsidiaries and transfer of assets to the newly created
subsidiary, transfers of assets from a subsidiary in order to liquidate that
subsidiary, transfers of ownership interests in subsidiaries, etc. Accordingly, we do
not believe that ASC 805-50-30 applies to the transactions because they represented
transfers of third party financial instruments between operating company affiliates. |
|
|
|
|
The business purpose for the transactions can be summarized as follows: |
|
|
|
|
AFS portfolio sale |
|
|
|
|
The Company sold the AFS portfolio of liquid U.S. Agency CMOs for fair value to BANA
as part of the Companys integration with Bank of America. This portfolio was
combined with a similar, existing BANA AFS portfolio so that the portfolios could be
managed on the same automated trading platform thus eliminating an otherwise manual
process. At the time of the transfer, the assets were accounted for as AFS securities
by the Company. The gain recognized by the Company related to changes in fair value
from the date of the Companys acquisition by Bank of America to the transfer date,
which had previously been reflected by the Company in Other comprehensive income. |
|
|
|
|
Bloomberg notes sale |
|
|
|
|
The Company sold the Bloomberg notes to BANA primarily to better align the ongoing
business and management of the assets with Bank of Americas risk-management
processes and controls. In addition, BANA had a pre-existing loan to Bloomberg and
management believed that the notes could be more efficiently managed within BANA. The
sale, including the fair value calculation, was approved by both the Federal Reserve
Board and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. At the time of transfer, the
Bloomberg notes were carried by the Company at an amortized cost value of $3,942
million included within Loans, notes and mortgages on the Companys consolidated
balance sheet. The principal outstanding and fair value at the time of transfer were
$4,314 million and $4,554 million, respectively. |
Note 3 Segment and Geographic Information, page 75
|
7. |
|
We note that prior to the acquisition by Bank of America in 2009, you reported
two operating segments (Global Markets and Investment Banking and Global Wealth
Management). We also note, subsequent to the acquisition, that you reevaluated your
segment reporting and |
6
|
|
|
determined that you no longer have any identifiable operating
segments. Please address the following: |
|
|
|
Explain the factors you considered in your reevaluation and specifically
address why the acquisition by Bank of America would impact the segment
determination at the Merrill Lynch level; |
|
|
|
|
Identify the chief operating decision maker (CODM) prior to and subsequent to
the acquisition and identify what resources (or measures) the CODM relies upon
to make decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance; and |
|
|
|
|
Explain into which Bank of America operating segments your business
operations are categorized. |
|
|
|
Response: |
|
The Company has evaluated the factors in ASC 280, Segment
Reporting to identify its reportable operating segments both
prior and subsequent to its acquisition by Bank of America.
Generally, financial information is required to be reported
externally on the same basis that the information is utilized by
management internally to evaluate segment performance and
allocate resources. |
|
|
|
|
|
ASC 280 defines an operating segment as a component of a public
entity for which all of the following criteria are met: |
|
a) |
|
It engages in business activities from which
revenues are earned and expenses incurred (including revenues and
expenses relating to transactions with other components of the same
public entity) |
|
|
b) |
|
Its operating results are regularly reviewed by the
chief operating decision maker (CODM) in determining how to allocate
resources to the segment and assess performance |
|
|
c) |
|
Discrete financial information is available |
|
|
|
Prior to the acquisition by Bank of America, the Company identified and reported two
operating segments: Global Markets and Investment Banking and Global Wealth
Management. For both of these segments, discrete financial information, such as
individual operating budgets, financial results, and key performance metrics, was
periodically reviewed by the identified CODM (the former chief executive officer
(CEO) of the Company) for purposes of evaluating performance and allocating
resources to these segments. |
|
|
|
|
Upon Bank of Americas acquisition of the Company, changes in the overall
organizational structure warranted a re-evaluation of the Companys reportable
operating segments. As the Company continues to file financial statements on a
standalone basis with the SEC in connection with its periodic reports, discrete
financial information is available for the Companys business operations (e.g.,
trading activities, distributing investment products and services) from which it
earns revenues and incurs expenses. Therefore, criteria a) and c) of ASC 280 are met
and whether the Company contains any reportable operating segments is dependent upon
criterion b). |
7
|
|
|
Accordingly, the determination of whether there are reportable operating segments is
largely dependent upon the decision making/resource allocation process involving the
CODM. |
|
|
|
|
The Companys activities are primarily included within two reportable operating
segments of Bank of America: Global Banking and Markets and Global Wealth and
Investment Management, and certain other activities of the Company are reported
outside of the segments in All Other. The Companys activities represent a portion,
but not all, of Bank of Americas reported activity in these segments. Brian
Moynihan, Bank of Americas CEO, is the CODM of Bank of America. Bank of Americas
CODM does not receive information such as individual budgets, operating margins,
financial analyses, or performance metrics at the Company level for purposes of
evaluating performance or allocating resources. Instead, key decisions are made and
resources are allocated based on Bank of Americas internal organizational structure
and identified operating segments. Additionally, Bank of Americas and the Companys
Boards of Directors do not receive individual budgets and financial analyses for the
Company on a standalone basis; instead, they receive the consolidated financial
statements only in connection with the periodic reports that the Company files with
the SEC. |
|
|
|
|
Thomas Montag, the Companys CEO, is the CODM of the Company. Mr. Montag does not
receive individual budgets or financial analyses for the Company either as a whole or
based on the pre-acquisition separate lines of business for purposes of making
decisions or allocating firm resources. Mr. Montag reviews the Companys financial
statements only as a whole and in connection with the periodic reports the Company
files with the SEC. |
|
|
|
|
Based on the above analysis and as a result of the Companys acquisition by Bank of
America, we have concluded that requirement b) for identifying a segment in ASC 280,
the operating results are regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision maker
in determining how to allocate resources to the segment and assess performance, has
not been met, and therefore, the Companys results are reported as a single operating
segment. |
Note 9 Securitizations and Other Variable Interest Entities (VIEs)
Collateralized Debt Obligations (CDOs), page 119
|
8. |
|
We note your disclosure at the bottom of page 120 that you have purchased
credit protection from some of the same CDO vehicles in which you invested, thus
reducing your maximum exposure to loss. Please address the following: |
|
|
|
Tell us more about the credit protection purchased from the CDOs directly,
including the term and the loss events covered; |
|
|
|
|
Quantify the amount of credit protection purchased; |
|
|
|
|
Describe how you are accounting for the credit protection; and |
8
|
|
|
Tell us whether you consolidate the CDOs from which you purchased credit
protection. |
|
|
|
Response: |
|
The statement in question relates to synthetic collateralized debt obligation
trusts (synthetic CDOs). Synthetic CDOs are CDOs that create exposure to assets by writing
credit protection in the form of credit default swaps (CDS) referencing those specific
assets. In certain transactions, the Company purchases that credit protection from the CDOs.
The Company may also invest in a senior or subordinated interest issued by the same CDOs. |
|
|
|
|
|
The referenced assets under the purchased CDS may include RMBS, other CDOs, corporate
debt and/or leverage loans. The CDS terms typically align with the terms of the
referenced assets. As seller of credit protection, the CDO is required to make
payments to the Company upon the occurrence of a predefined credit event. Examples
of these events include bankruptcy of the referenced credit, failure to pay according
to the terms of the referenced obligation, an acceleration of indebtedness and
payment repudiation or moratorium. |
|
|
|
|
|
When the Company invests in securities issued by the same CDOs from which it has
purchased credit protection in the form of CDS, the Companys exposure to loss on the
investments is hedged by the CDS. The extent to which the Companys exposure is
hedged will vary depending on the level of CDS purchased by the Company as compared
to the CDS purchased by third parties, the quality of the assets held by the
synthetic CDO and whether the CDO is fully or partially synthetic (i.e., in some
cases CDOs take asset risk both directly by holding loans or securities and
synthetically through sales of CDS). |
|
|
|
|
|
Substantially all of the purchased CDS were transacted with unconsolidated CDOs. At
year-end 2010, the Company did not consolidate these CDOs because it did not have a
controlling financial interest in the CDOs. As indicated on page 120 of the
Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 (2010 Form
10-K), the Company does not routinely serve as collateral manager for CDOs, and
therefore does not typically have the power to direct the activities that most
significantly impact the economic performance of the CDO. |
|
|
|
|
|
At year-end 2010, the Company was counterparty to purchased CDS with unconsolidated
CDOs with an aggregate notional amount of $2.1 billion and a carrying value of $923
million. The carrying amount of the CDS is disclosed as derivative contracts assets
in the table on page 120 of the 2010 Form 10-K as the CDS are considered derivatives
under ASC 815 Derivatives and Hedging. Accordingly, the CDS are carried at fair value
with changes in fair value recorded in earnings. The Company also holds securities
issued by these CDOs with an aggregate fair value of $575 million. These securities
are disclosed as trading account assets in the table on page 120 of the 2010 Form
10-K. The Companys maximum loss exposure to these CDOs is $2.6 billion, which
includes the combined carrying values of both the CDS derivatives and trading account
securities combined with other derivatives transacted with these CDOs. |
|
|
|
|
|
As noted, the Company included language in the 2010 Form 10-K suggesting that the
maximum exposure to loss associated with the investment in CDOs may be reduced by
credit protection purchased by the Company from those CDOs. For practical reasons, |
9
|
|
|
|
|
because of the complexity of the CDOs the Company does not actually consider this
potential reduction when calculating the amount reported as the maximum exposure to
loss, instead this statement was meant to indicate that the reported maximum amount
could in some cases exceed the actual maximum loss because a future loss in the fair
value of the trading securities could be offset, at least in part, by a gain in the
fair value of the CDS. |
|
|
|
|
|
Given that we do not actually calculate our maximum exposure to loss in this way, we
believe that this language is unnecessary. Therefore, the Company did not include
the sentence, Merrill Lynch has also purchased credit protection from some of the
same CDO vehicles in which it invested, thus reducing the maximum exposure to loss
in the Companys Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2011.
The Company will continue to exclude the sentence in future filings. |
We believe the foregoing is responsive to the comments and questions raised by the Staff. Further,
we have reviewed the responses with our independent registered public accounting firm
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.
The adequacy and accuracy of the disclosure in the filings is the responsibility of the Company.
The Company acknowledges to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) that Staff comments or
changes in disclosure in response to Staff comments in the filings reviewed by the Staff do not
foreclose the SEC from taking any action with respect to the filings. The Company also acknowledges
that Staff comments or changes to disclosure in response to Staff comments in the filings may not
be asserted as a defense in any proceeding initiated by the SEC or any person under the federal
securities laws of the United States.
If you have further questions or require additional clarifying information, please call me at (212)
449-2239 or Lizbeth Applebaum (Head of Merrill Lynch Accounting Policy) at (212) 449-4414.
Sincerely,
|
|
|
/s/ PETER TAUBE
Peter Taube
|
|
|
Chief Accounting Officer and Controller |
|
|
Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. |
|
|
|
|
|
cc: |
|
Robert Qutub, Chief Financial Officer Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc.
Charles H. Noski, Chief Financial Officer Bank of America Corporation
Neil A. Cotty, Chief Accounting Officer Bank of America Corporation
John M. James, Corporate Controller Bank of America Corporation
Edward P. OKeefe, General CounselBank of America Corporation
Thomas Pirolo, Partner, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Robert Flaum, Partner, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP |
10