Bank of America Corporation Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

Derivatives

Derivatives

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2022

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Derivative Balances

Derivatives are entered into on behalf of customers, for trading or to support risk management activities. Derivatives used in risk management activities include derivatives that may or may not be designated in qualifying hedge accounting relationships. Derivatives that are not designated in qualifying hedge accounting relationships are referred to as other risk management derivatives. For more information on the Corporation’s derivatives and hedging activities, see Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Principles and Note 3 –

Derivatives to the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Corporation’s 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K. The following tables present derivative instruments included on the Consolidated Balance Sheet in derivative assets and liabilities at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. Balances are presented on a gross basis, prior to the application of counterparty and cash collateral netting. Total derivative assets and liabilities are adjusted on an aggregate basis to take into consideration the effects of legally enforceable master netting agreements and have been reduced by cash collateral received or paid.



			September 30, 2022
			Gross Derivative Assets						Gross Derivative Liabilities
(Dollars in billions)	Contract/ Notional (1)		Trading and Other Risk Management Derivatives		Qualifying Accounting Hedges		Total		Trading and Other Risk Management Derivatives		Qualifying Accounting Hedges		Total
Interest rate contracts
Swaps	$	22,304.3	$	131.8	$	22.2	$	154.0	$	114.1	$	37.7	$	151.8
Futures and forwards	3,105.7		19.1		—		19.1		17.3		—		17.3
Written options	1,629.2		—		—		—		45.7		—		45.7
Purchased options	1,580.4		46.5		—		46.5		—		—		—
Foreign exchange contracts
Swaps	1,495.0		53.5		0.5		54.0		51.9		0.3		52.2
Spot, futures and forwards	4,521.9		85.0		0.9		85.9		87.4		—		87.4
Written options	443.8		—		—		—		11.9		—		11.9
Purchased options	430.4		12.7		—		12.7		—		—		—
Equity contracts
Swaps	376.0		22.0		—		22.0		17.9		—		17.9
Futures and forwards	101.2		2.9		0.1		3.0		1.1		—		1.1
Written options	761.4		—		—		—		48.8		—		48.8
Purchased options	681.2		50.1		—		50.1		—		—		—
Commodity contracts
Swaps	55.7		8.1		—		8.1		6.9		—		6.9
Futures and forwards	171.2		3.7		—		3.7		3.4		0.2		3.6
Written options	75.8		—		—		—		4.9		—		4.9
Purchased options	62.9		5.5		—		5.5		—		—		—
Credit derivatives (2)
Purchased credit derivatives:
Credit default swaps	354.1		4.5		—		4.5		1.4		—		1.4
Total return swaps/options	110.9		1.5		—		1.5		2.9		—		2.9
Written credit derivatives:
Credit default swaps	333.0		1.6		—		1.6		4.3		—		4.3
Total return swaps/options	120.3		4.9		—		4.9		1.4		—		1.4
Gross derivative assets/liabilities			$	453.4	$	23.7	$	477.1	$	421.3	$	38.2	$	459.5
Less: Legally enforceable master netting agreements							(364.5)						(364.5)
Less: Cash collateral received/paid							(40.6)						(44.8)
Total derivative assets/liabilities							$	72.0					$	50.2

(1)Represents the total contract/notional amount of derivative assets and liabilities outstanding.

(2)The net derivative asset (liability) and notional amount of written credit derivatives for which the Corporation held purchased credit derivatives with identical underlying referenced names were $(2.9) billion and $312.4 billion at September 30, 2022.



			December 31, 2021
			Gross Derivative Assets						Gross Derivative Liabilities
(Dollars in billions)	Contract/ Notional (1)		Trading and Other Risk Management Derivatives		Qualifying Accounting Hedges		Total		Trading and Other Risk Management Derivatives		Qualifying Accounting Hedges		Total
Interest rate contracts
Swaps	$	18,068.1	$	150.5	$	8.9	$	159.4	$	156.4	$	4.4	$	160.8
Futures and forwards	2,243.2		1.1		—		1.1		1.0		—		1.0
Written options	1,616.1		—		—		—		28.8		—		28.8
Purchased options	1,673.6		33.1		—		33.1		—		—		—
Foreign exchange contracts
Swaps	1,420.9		28.6		0.2		28.8		30.5		0.2		30.7
Spot, futures and forwards	4,087.2		37.1		0.3		37.4		37.7		0.2		37.9
Written options	287.2		—		—		—		4.1		—		4.1
Purchased options	267.6		4.1		—		4.1		—		—		—
Equity contracts
Swaps	443.8		12.3		—		12.3		14.5		—		14.5
Futures and forwards	113.3		0.5		—		0.5		1.7		—		1.7
Written options	737.7		—		—		—		58.5		—		58.5
Purchased options	657.0		55.9		—		55.9		—		—		—
Commodity contracts
Swaps	47.7		3.1		—		3.1		6.0		—		6.0
Futures and forwards	101.5		2.3		—		2.3		0.3		1.1		1.4
Written options	44.4		—		—		—		2.6		—		2.6
Purchased options	38.3		3.2		—		3.2		—		—		—
Credit derivatives (2)
Purchased credit derivatives:
Credit default swaps	297.0		1.9		—		1.9		4.3		—		4.3
Total return swaps/options	85.3		0.2		—		0.2		1.1		—		1.1
Written credit derivatives:
Credit default swaps	279.8		4.2		—		4.2		1.6		—		1.6
Total return swaps/options	85.3		0.9		—		0.9		0.5		—		0.5
Gross derivative assets/liabilities			$	339.0	$	9.4	$	348.4	$	349.6	$	5.9	$	355.5
Less: Legally enforceable master netting agreements							(282.3)						(282.3)
Less: Cash collateral received/paid							(30.8)						(35.5)
Total derivative assets/liabilities							$	35.3					$	37.7

(1)Represents the total contract/notional amount of derivative assets and liabilities outstanding.

(2)The net derivative asset (liability) and notional amount of written credit derivatives for which the Corporation held purchased credit derivatives with identical underlying referenced names were $2.3 billion and $258.4 billion at December 31, 2021.

Offsetting of Derivatives

The Corporation enters into International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc. (ISDA) master netting agreements or similar agreements with substantially all of the Corporation’s derivative counterparties. For more information, see Note 3 – Derivatives to the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Corporation’s 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

The following table presents derivative instruments included in derivative assets and liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 by primary risk (e.g., interest rate risk) and the platform, where

applicable, on which these derivatives are transacted. Balances are presented on a gross basis, prior to the application of counterparty and cash collateral netting. Total gross derivative assets and liabilities are adjusted on an aggregate basis to take into consideration the effects of legally enforceable master netting agreements, which include reducing the balance for counterparty netting and cash collateral received or paid.

For more information on offsetting of securities financing agreements, see Note 9 – Securities Financing Agreements, Collateral and Restricted Cash.



Offsetting of Derivatives (1)

	Derivative Assets		Derivative Liabilities		Derivative Assets		Derivative Liabilities
(Dollars in billions)	September 30, 2022				December 31, 2021
Interest rate contracts
Over-the-counter	$	149.0	$	140.3	$	171.3	$	166.3
Exchange-traded	0.5		0.1		0.2		—
Over-the-counter cleared	69.5		71.2		22.6		22.5
Foreign exchange contracts
Over-the-counter	147.6		147.2		67.9		70.5
Over-the-counter cleared	2.2		2.1		1.1		1.1
Equity contracts
Over-the-counter	33.8		28.3		29.2		32.9
Exchange-traded	40.4		37.8		38.3		38.4
Commodity contracts
Over-the-counter	13.1		12.2		6.1		7.6
Exchange-traded	3.1		2.6		1.4		1.3
Over-the-counter cleared	0.3		0.3		0.1		0.1
Credit derivatives
Over-the-counter	11.4		8.6		5.2		5.3
Over-the-counter cleared	0.9		1.0		1.8		1.8
Total gross derivative assets/liabilities, before netting
Over-the-counter	354.9		336.6		279.7		282.6
Exchange-traded	44.0		40.5		39.9		39.7
Over-the-counter cleared	72.9		74.6		25.6		25.5
Less: Legally enforceable master netting agreements and cash collateral received/paid
Over-the-counter	(295.1)		(298.9)		(250.3)		(254.6)
Exchange-traded	(38.5)		(38.5)		(37.8)		(37.8)
Over-the-counter cleared	(71.5)		(71.9)		(25.0)		(25.4)
Derivative assets/liabilities, after netting	66.7		42.4		32.1		30.0
Other gross derivative assets/liabilities (2)	5.3		7.8		3.2		7.7
Total derivative assets/liabilities	72.0		50.2		35.3		37.7
Less: Financial instruments collateral (3)	(26.0)		(5.8)		(11.8)		(10.6)
Total net derivative assets/liabilities	$	46.0	$	44.4	$	23.5	$	27.1

(1)Over-the-counter derivatives include bilateral transactions between the Corporation and a particular counterparty. Over-the-counter cleared derivatives include bilateral transactions between the Corporation and a counterparty where the transaction is cleared through a clearinghouse. Exchange-traded derivatives include listed options transacted on an exchange.

(2)Consists of derivatives entered into under master netting agreements where the enforceability of these agreements is uncertain under bankruptcy laws in some countries or industries.

(3)Amounts are limited to the derivative asset/liability balance and, accordingly, do not include excess collateral received/pledged. Financial instruments collateral includes securities collateral received or pledged and cash securities held and posted at third-party custodians that are not offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheet but shown as a reduction to derive net derivative assets and liabilities.

Derivatives Designated as Accounting Hedges

The Corporation uses various types of interest rate and foreign exchange derivative contracts to protect against changes in the fair value of its assets and liabilities due to fluctuations in interest rates and exchange rates (fair value hedges). The Corporation also uses these types of contracts to protect against changes in the cash flows of its assets and liabilities, and other forecasted transactions (cash flow hedges). The Corporation hedges its net investment in consolidated non-U.S.

operations determined to have functional currencies other than the U.S. dollar using forward exchange contracts and cross-currency basis swaps, and by issuing foreign currency-denominated debt (net investment hedges).

Fair Value Hedges

The table below summarizes information related to fair value hedges for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021.



Gains and Losses on Derivatives Designated as Fair Value Hedges



	Three Months Ended September 30, 2022				Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
(Dollars in millions)	Derivative		Hedged Item		Derivative		Hedged Item
Interest rate risk on long-term debt (1)	$	(8,435)	$	8,437	$	(1,658)	$	1,660
Interest rate and foreign currency risk on long-term debt (2)	(77)		78		(49)		46
Interest rate risk on available-for-sale securities (3)	9,681		(9,707)		867		(859)

Total	$	1,169	$	(1,192)	$	(840)	$	847

`	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022				Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
	Derivative		Hedged Item		Derivative		Hedged Item
Interest rate risk on long-term debt (1)	$	(27,458)	$	27,630	$	(6,237)	$	6,208
Interest rate and foreign currency risk on long-term debt (2)	(137)		137		(72)		67
Interest rate risk on available-for-sale securities (3)	24,816		(24,975)		4,245		(4,184)

Total	$	(2,779)	$	2,792	$	(2,064)	$	2,091

(1)Amounts are recorded in interest expense in the Consolidated Statement of Income.

(2)For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the derivative amount includes gains (losses) of $(6) million and $(40) million in interest expense, $(71) million and $(96) million in market making and similar activities, and $0 and $(1) million in accumulated other comprehensive income (OCI). For the same periods in 2021, the derivative amount includes gains (losses) of $(11) million and $(62) million in interest expense, $(33) million and $(2) million in market making and similar activities, and $(5) million and $(8) million in accumulated OCI. Line item totals are in the Consolidated Statement of Income and on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(3)Amounts are recorded in interest income in the Consolidated Statement of Income.

The table below summarizes the carrying value of hedged assets and liabilities that are designated and qualifying in fair value hedging relationships along with the cumulative amount of fair value hedging adjustments included in the carrying value that have been recorded in the current hedging relationships. These fair value hedging adjustments are open basis adjustments that are not subject to amortization as long as the hedging relationship remains designated.



Designated Fair Value Hedged Assets and Liabilities

	September 30, 2022				December 31, 2021
(Dollars in millions)	Carrying Value		Cumulative Fair Value Adjustments (1)		Carrying Value		Cumulative Fair Value Adjustments (1)

Long-term debt (2)	$	179,266	$	(21,897)	$	181,745	$	3,987
Available-for-sale debt securities (2, 3, 4)	175,943		(20,153)		209,038		(2,294)
Trading account assets (5)	11,872		680		2,067		32

(1)Increase (decrease) to carrying value.

(2)At September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the cumulative fair value adjustments remaining on long-term debt and available-for-sale debt securities from discontinued hedging relationships resulted in a decrease of $103 million and an increase of $1.5 billion in the related liability and a decrease in the related asset of $5.2 billion and $1.0 billion, which are being amortized over the remaining contractual life of the de-designated hedged items.

(3)These amounts include the amortized cost of the prepayable financial assets used to designate hedging relationships in which the hedged item is the last layer expected to be remaining at the end of the hedging relationship (i.e. last-of-layer hedging relationship). At September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the amortized cost of the closed portfolios used in these hedging relationships was $22.0 billion and $21.1 billion, of which $9.2 billion and $6.9 billion was designated in the last-of-layer hedging relationship. At September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the cumulative adjustment associated with these hedging relationships was a decrease of $488 million and $172 million.

(4)Carrying value represents amortized cost.

(5)Represents hedging activities related to certain commodities inventory.

Cash Flow and Net Investment Hedges

The table below summarizes certain information related to cash flow hedges and net investment hedges for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021. Of the $12.8 billion after-tax net loss ($17.0 billion pretax) on derivatives in accumulated OCI at September 30, 2022, losses of $3.7 billion after-tax ($4.9 billion pretax) related to both open and terminated cash flow hedges are expected to be reclassified into earnings in the next 12 months. These net losses

reclassified into earnings are expected to primarily decrease net interest income related to the respective hedged items. For open cash flow hedges, the maximum length of time over which forecasted transactions are hedged is approximately seven years. For terminated cash flow hedges, the time period over which the forecasted transactions will be recognized in interest income is approximately five years, with the aggregated amount beyond this time period being insignificant.



Gains and Losses on Derivatives Designated as Cash Flow and Net Investment Hedges



	Gains (Losses) Recognized in Accumulated OCI on Derivatives	Gains (Losses) in Income Reclassified from Accumulated OCI	Gains (Losses) Recognized in Accumulated OCI on Derivatives	Gains (Losses) in Income Reclassified from Accumulated OCI
(Dollars in millions, amounts pretax)					Three Months Ended September 30, 2022				Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Cash flow hedges
Interest rate risk on variable-rate assets (1)					$	(5,045)	$	(110)	$	(14,443)	$	(191)
Price risk on forecasted MBS purchases (1)					—		—		(129)		13
Price risk on certain compensation plans (2)					(13)		5		(107)		24
Total					$	(5,058)	$	(105)	$	(14,679)	$	(154)
Net investment hedges
Foreign exchange risk (3)					$	1,541	$	3	$	3,339	$	3

					Three Months Ended September 30, 2021				Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Cash flow hedges
Interest rate risk on variable-rate assets (1)					$	(539)	$	38	$	(1,115)	$	111
Price risk on forecasted MBS purchases (1)					29		5		(272)		20
Price risk on certain compensation plans (2)					(2)		14		57		40
Total					$	(512)	$	57	$	(1,330)	$	171
Net investment hedges
Foreign exchange risk (3)					$	642	$	—	$	1,145	$	—

(1)Amounts reclassified from accumulated OCI are recorded in interest income in the Consolidated Statement of Income.

(2)Amounts reclassified from accumulated OCI are recorded in compensation and benefits expense in the Consolidated Statement of Income.

(3)Amounts reclassified from accumulated OCI are recorded in other income in the Consolidated Statement of Income. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, amounts excluded from effectiveness testing and recognized in market making and similar activities were gains of $38 million and losses of $109 million. For the same periods in 2021, amounts excluded from effectiveness testing and recognized in market making and similar activities were losses of $36 million and $86 million.

Other Risk Management Derivatives

Other risk management derivatives are used by the Corporation to reduce certain risk exposures by economically hedging various assets and liabilities. The table below presents gains (losses) on these derivatives for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021. These gains (losses) are largely offset by the income or expense recorded on the hedged item.



Gains and Losses on Other Risk Management Derivatives

	Three Months Ended September 30				Nine Months Ended September 30
(Dollars in millions)	2022		2021		2022		2021
Interest rate risk on mortgage activities (1, 2)	$	(64)	$	10	$	(321)	$	(49)
Credit risk on loans (2)	(30)		(9)		(17)		(40)
Interest rate and foreign currency risk on asset and liability management activities (3)	1,591		552		7,204		1,495
Price risk on certain compensation plans (4)	(192)		(23)		(1,283)		575

(1)Includes hedges of interest rate risk on mortgage servicing rights and interest rate lock commitments (IRLCs) to originate mortgage loans that will be held for sale.

(2)Gains (losses) on these derivatives are recorded in other income.

(3)Gains (losses) on these derivatives are recorded in market making and similar activities.

(4)Gains (losses) on these derivatives are recorded in compensation and benefits expense.

Transfers of Financial Assets with Risk Retained through Derivatives

The Corporation enters into certain transactions involving the transfer of financial assets that are accounted for as sales where substantially all of the economic exposure to the transferred financial assets is retained through derivatives (e.g., interest rate and/or credit), but the Corporation does not retain control over the assets transferred. At both September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Corporation had transferred $4.8 billion non-U.S. government-guaranteed mortgage-backed securities to a third-party trust and retained economic exposure to the transferred assets through derivative contracts. In connection with these transfers, the Corporation received gross cash proceeds of $4.9 billion and $4.8 billion at the transfer dates. At September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the fair value of the transferred securities was $4.6 billion and $5.0 billion.

Sales and Trading Revenue

The Corporation enters into trading derivatives to facilitate client transactions and to manage risk exposures arising from trading

account assets and liabilities. It is the Corporation’s policy to include these derivative instruments in its trading activities, which include derivatives and non-derivative cash instruments. The resulting risk from these derivatives is managed on a portfolio basis as part of the Corporation’s Global Markets business segment. For more information on sales and trading revenue, see Note 3 – Derivatives to the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Corporation’s 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

The table below, which includes both derivatives and non-derivative cash instruments, identifies the amounts in the respective income statement line items attributable to the Corporation’s sales and trading revenue in Global Markets, categorized by primary risk, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021. This table includes debit valuation adjustment (DVA) and funding valuation adjustment (FVA) gains (losses). Global Markets results in Note 17 – Business Segment Information are presented on a fully taxable-equivalent (FTE) basis. The table below is not presented on an FTE basis.



Sales and Trading Revenue

	Market making and similar activities		Net Interest Income		Other (1)		Total		Market making and similar activities		Net Interest Income		Other (1)		Total
(Dollars in millions)	Three Months Ended September 30, 2022								Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Interest rate risk	$	372	$	432	$	140	$	944	$	1,452	$	1,381	$	291	$	3,124
Foreign exchange risk	552		13		(54)		511		1,562		(13)		(51)		1,498
Equity risk	1,532		(399)		416		1,549		4,474		(694)		1,404		5,184
Credit risk	252		544		114		910		561		1,559		176		2,296
Other risk (2)	165		(62)		17		120		670		(138)		77		609
Total sales and trading revenue	$	2,873	$	528	$	633	$	4,034	$	8,719	$	2,095	$	1,897	$	12,711

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2021								Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Interest rate risk	$	180	$	442	$	43	$	665	$	590	$	1,350	$	141	$	2,081
Foreign exchange risk	345		(22)		2		325		1,082		(62)		7		1,027
Equity risk	1,196		(28)		433		1,601		3,657		7		1,389		5,053
Credit risk	248		458		158		864		1,491		1,263		446		3,200
Other risk (2)	45		(30)		45		60		627		(58)		91		660
Total sales and trading revenue	$	2,014	$	820	$	681	$	3,515	$	7,447	$	2,500	$	2,074	$	12,021

(1)Represents amounts in investment and brokerage services and other income that are recorded in Global Markets and included in the definition of sales and trading revenue. Includes investment and brokerage services revenue of $444 million and $1.5 billion for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to $460 million and $1.5 billion for the same periods in 2021.

(2)Includes commodity risk.

Credit Derivatives

The Corporation enters into credit derivatives primarily to facilitate client transactions and to manage credit risk exposures. Credit derivatives are classified as investment and non-investment grade based on the credit quality of the underlying referenced obligation. The Corporation considers ratings of BBB- or higher as investment grade. Non-investment grade includes non-rated credit derivative instruments. The Corporation discloses internal categorizations of investment

grade and non-investment grade consistent with how risk is managed for these instruments. For more information on credit derivatives, see Note 3 – Derivatives to the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Corporation’s 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Credit derivative instruments where the Corporation is the seller of credit protection and their expiration at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 are summarized in the table below.



Credit Derivative Instruments

	Less than One Year		One to Three Years		Three to Five Years		Over Five Years		Total
	September 30, 2022
(Dollars in millions)	Carrying Value
Credit default swaps:
Investment grade	$	1	$	52	$	502	$	287	$	842
Non-investment grade	57		854		1,497		1,001		3,409
Total	58		906		1,999		1,288		4,251
Total return swaps/options:
Investment grade	146		249		—		—		395
Non-investment grade	902		6		86		6		1,000
Total	1,048		255		86		6		1,395
Total credit derivatives	$	1,106	$	1,161	$	2,085	$	1,294	$	5,646
Credit-related notes:
Investment grade	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	673	$	673
Non-investment grade	—		2		4		1,118		1,124
Total credit-related notes	$	—	$	2	$	4	$	1,791	$	1,797
	Maximum Payout/Notional
Credit default swaps:
Investment grade	$	32,510	$	66,961	$	96,170	$	42,448	$	238,089
Non-investment grade	14,613		28,393		40,136		11,781		94,923
Total	47,123		95,354		136,306		54,229		333,012
Total return swaps/options:
Investment grade	65,805		8,907		—		—		74,712
Non-investment grade	40,840		2,273		1,581		890		45,584
Total	106,645		11,180		1,581		890		120,296
Total credit derivatives	$	153,768	$	106,534	$	137,887	$	55,119	$	453,308

	December 31, 2021
	Carrying Value
Credit default swaps:
Investment grade	$	—	$	5	$	79	$	49	$	133
Non-investment grade	34		250		453		769		1,506
Total	34		255		532		818		1,639
Total return swaps/options:
Investment grade	35		388		—		—		423
Non-investment grade	105		—		16		—		121
Total	140		388		16		—		544
Total credit derivatives	$	174	$	643	$	548	$	818	$	2,183
Credit-related notes:
Investment grade	$	—	$	—	$	36	$	412	$	448
Non-investment grade	5		—		9		1,334		1,348
Total credit-related notes	$	5	$	—	$	45	$	1,746	$	1,796
	Maximum Payout/Notional
Credit default swaps:
Investment grade	$	34,503	$	66,334	$	73,444	$	17,844	$	192,125
Non-investment grade	16,119		29,233		34,356		7,961		87,669
Total	50,622		95,567		107,800		25,805		279,794
Total return swaps/options:
Investment grade	49,626		11,494		78		—		61,198
Non-investment grade	22,621		717		642		73		24,053
Total	72,247		12,211		720		73		85,251
Total credit derivatives	$	122,869	$	107,778	$	108,520	$	25,878	$	365,045

The notional amount represents the maximum amount payable by the Corporation for most credit derivatives. However, the Corporation does not monitor its exposure to credit derivatives based solely on the notional amount because this measure does not take into consideration the probability of occurrence. As such, the notional amount is not a reliable indicator of the Corporation’s exposure to these contracts. Instead, a risk framework is used to define risk tolerances and establish limits so that certain credit risk-related losses occur within acceptable, predefined limits.

Credit-related notes in the preceding table include investments in securities issued by collateralized debt obligation (CDO), collateralized loan obligation and credit-linked note vehicles. These instruments are primarily classified as trading securities. The carrying value of these instruments equals the Corporation’s maximum exposure to loss. The Corporation is not obligated to make any payments to the entities under the terms of the securities owned.

Credit-related Contingent Features and Collateral

Certain of the Corporation’s derivative contracts contain credit risk-related contingent features, primarily in the form of ISDA master netting agreements and credit support documentation that enhance the creditworthiness of these instruments compared to other obligations of the respective counterparty with whom the Corporation has transacted. These contingent features may be for the benefit of the Corporation as well as its counterparties with respect to changes in the Corporation’s creditworthiness and the mark-to-market exposure under the derivative transactions. At September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Corporation held cash and securities collateral of $120.0 billion and $91.4 billion and posted cash and securities collateral of $85.8 billion and $79.3 billion in the normal course of business under derivative agreements, excluding cross-product margining agreements where clients are permitted to margin on a net basis for both derivative and secured financing arrangements.

In connection with certain OTC derivative contracts and other trading agreements, the Corporation can be required to provide additional collateral or to terminate transactions with certain counterparties in the event of a downgrade of the senior debt ratings of the Corporation or certain subsidiaries. The amount of additional collateral required depends on the contract and is usually a fixed incremental amount and/or the market value of the exposure. For more information on credit-related contingent features and collateral, see Note 3 – Derivatives to the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Corporation’s 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

At September 30, 2022, the amount of collateral, calculated based on the terms of the contracts, that the Corporation and certain subsidiaries could be required to post to counterparties but had not yet posted to counterparties was $4.0 billion, including $2.5 billion for Bank of America, National Association (BANA).

Some counterparties are currently able to unilaterally terminate certain contracts, or the Corporation or certain

subsidiaries may be required to take other action such as find a suitable replacement or obtain a guarantee. At September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the liability recorded for these derivative contracts was not significant.

The table below presents the amount of additional collateral that would have been contractually required by derivative contracts and other trading agreements at September 30, 2022 if the rating agencies had downgraded their long-term senior debt ratings for the Corporation or certain subsidiaries by one incremental notch and by an additional second incremental notch. The table also presents derivative liabilities that would be subject to unilateral termination by counterparties upon downgrade of the Corporation's or certain subsidiaries' long-term senior debt ratings.



Additional Collateral Required to be Posted and Derivative Liabilities Subject to Unilateral Termination Upon Downgrade at September 30, 2022

(Dollars in millions)	One Incremental Notch		Second Incremental Notch
Additional collateral required to be posted upon downgrade
Bank of America Corporation	$	430	$	1,043
Bank of America, N.A. and subsidiaries (1)	199		789

Derivative liabilities subject to unilateral termination upon downgrade
Derivative liabilities	$	10	$	939
Collateral posted	—		629

(1)Included in Bank of America Corporation collateral requirements in this table.

Valuation Adjustments on Derivatives

The table below presents credit valuation adjustment (CVA), DVA and FVA gains (losses) on derivatives (excluding the effect of any related hedge activities), which are recorded in market making and similar activities, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021. For more information on the valuation adjustments on derivatives, see Note 3 – Derivatives to the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Corporation’s 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K.



Valuation Adjustments Gains (Losses) on Derivatives (1)

	Three Months Ended September 30
(Dollars in millions)	2022		2021
Derivative assets (CVA)	$	(44)	$	54
Derivative assets/liabilities (FVA)	67		19
Derivative liabilities (DVA)	103		(5)

	Nine Months Ended September 30
(Dollars in millions)	2022		2021
Derivative assets (CVA)	$	(217)	$	212
Derivative assets/liabilities (FVA)	147		34
Derivative liabilities (DVA)	444		(13)

(1)At September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, cumulative CVA reduced the derivative assets balance by $655 million and $438 million, cumulative FVA reduced the net derivative balance by $32 million and $179 million, and cumulative DVA reduced the derivative liabilities balance by $756 million and $312 million.