Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

Securities

v2.4.0.6
Securities
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
Securities
NOTE 4 – Securities

The table below presents the amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses, and fair value of debt and marketable equity securities at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011.

(Dollars in millions)
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair Value
Available-for-sale debt securities, March 31, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury and agency securities
$
40,609

 
$
231

 
$
(874
)
 
$
39,966

Mortgage-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agency
172,335

 
3,177

 
(421
)
 
175,091

Agency collateralized mortgage obligations
41,698

 
802

 
(145
)
 
42,355

Non-agency residential (1)
11,398

 
300

 
(228
)
 
11,470

Non-agency commercial
4,333

 
567

 
(1
)
 
4,899

Non-U.S. securities
6,530

 
56

 
(18
)
 
6,568

Corporate bonds
2,364

 
85

 
(28
)
 
2,421

Other taxable securities, substantially all asset-backed securities
10,595

 
74

 
(52
)
 
10,617

Total taxable securities
289,862

 
5,292

 
(1,767
)
 
293,387

Tax-exempt securities
3,694

 
16

 
(57
)
 
3,653

Total available-for-sale debt securities
$
293,556

 
$
5,308

 
$
(1,824
)
 
$
297,040

Held-to-maturity debt securities (2)
34,205

 
246

 
(11
)
 
34,440

Total debt securities
$
327,761

 
$
5,554

 
$
(1,835
)
 
$
331,480

Available-for-sale marketable equity securities, March 31, 2012 (3)
$
64

 
$
28

 
$
(5
)
 
$
87

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Available-for-sale debt securities, December 31, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury and agency securities
$
43,433

 
$
242

 
$
(811
)
 
$
42,864

Mortgage-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agency
138,073

 
4,511

 
(21
)
 
142,563

Agency collateralized mortgage obligations
44,392

 
774

 
(167
)
 
44,999

Non-agency residential (1)
14,948

 
301

 
(482
)
 
14,767

Non-agency commercial
4,894

 
629

 
(1
)
 
5,522

Non-U.S. securities
4,872

 
62

 
(14
)
 
4,920

Corporate bonds
2,993

 
79

 
(37
)
 
3,035

Other taxable securities, substantially all asset-backed securities
12,889

 
49

 
(60
)
 
12,878

Total taxable securities
266,494

 
6,647

 
(1,593
)
 
271,548

Tax-exempt securities
4,678

 
15

 
(90
)
 
4,603

Total available-for-sale debt securities
$
271,172

 
$
6,662

 
$
(1,683
)
 
$
276,151

Held-to-maturity debt securities (2)
35,265

 
181

 
(4
)
 
35,442

Total debt securities
$
306,437

 
$
6,843

 
$
(1,687
)
 
$
311,593

Available-for-sale marketable equity securities, December 31, 2011 (3)
$
65

 
$
10

 
$
(7
)
 
$
68

(1) 
At March 31, 2012, includes approximately 92 percent prime bonds, six percent Alt-A bonds and two percent subprime bonds. At December 31, 2011, includes approximately 89 percent prime bonds, nine percent Alt-A bonds and two percent subprime bonds.
(2) 
Substantially all U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities.
(3) 
Classified in other assets on the Corporation’s Consolidated Balance Sheet.

At March 31, 2012, the accumulated net unrealized gains on available-for-sale (AFS) debt securities included in accumulated OCI were $2.2 billion, net of the related income tax expense of $1.3 billion. At March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the Corporation had nonperforming AFS debt securities of $110 million and $140 million.

The Corporation recorded other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) losses on AFS debt securities for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011 as presented in the table below. A debt security is impaired when its fair value is less than its amortized cost. If the Corporation intends or will more-likely-than-not be required to sell the debt securities prior to recovery, the entire impairment is recorded in the Consolidated Statement of Income. For debt securities the Corporation does not intend or will not more-likely-than-not be required to sell, an analysis is performed to determine if any of the impairment is due to credit or whether it is due to other factors (e.g., interest rate). Credit losses are considered unrecoverable and are recorded in the Consolidated Statement of Income with the remaining unrealized losses recorded in accumulated OCI. In certain instances, the credit loss on a debt security may exceed the total impairment, in which case, the portion of the credit loss that exceeds the total impairment is recorded as an unrealized gain in accumulated OCI. Balances in the table below exclude $3 million and $10 million of unrealized gains recorded in accumulated OCI related to these securities for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011.

Net Impairment Losses Recognized in Earnings
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2012
(Dollars in millions)
Non-agency
Residential
MBS
 
Non-agency
Commercial
MBS
 
Other
Taxable
Securities
 
Total
Total OTTI losses (unrealized and realized)
$
(49
)
 
$
(2
)
 
$

 
$
(51
)
Unrealized OTTI losses recognized in accumulated OCI
11

 

 

 
11

Net impairment losses recognized in earnings
$
(38
)
 
$
(2
)
 
$

 
$
(40
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2011
Total OTTI losses (unrealized and realized)
$
(110
)
 
$

 
$
(1
)
 
$
(111
)
Unrealized OTTI losses recognized in accumulated OCI
23

 

 

 
23

Net impairment losses recognized in earnings
$
(87
)
 
$

 
$
(1
)
 
$
(88
)


The Corporation's net impairment losses recognized in earnings consist of write-downs to fair value on AFS securities the Corporation has the intent to sell or will more-likely-than-not be required to sell and credit losses recognized on AFS securities the Corporation does not have the intent to sell or will not more-likely-than-not be required to sell. The table below presents a rollforward of the credit losses recognized in earnings on AFS debt securities for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011 on securities that the Corporation does not have the intent to sell or will not more-likely-than-not be required to sell.

Rollforward of Credit Losses Recognized
 
Three Months Ended March 31
(Dollars in millions)
2012
 
2011
Balance, beginning of period
$
310

 
$
2,135

Additions for credit losses recognized on debt securities that had no previous impairment losses
2

 
33

Additions for credit losses recognized on debt securities that had previously incurred impairment losses
38

 
55

Reductions for debt securities sold or intended to be sold
(84
)
 
(1,339
)
Balance, March 31
$
266

 
$
884



The Corporation estimates the portion of a security's loss attributable to credit using a discounted cash flow model and estimates the expected cash flows of the underlying collateral using internal credit, interest rate and prepayment risk models that incorporate management’s best estimate of current key assumptions such as default rates, loss severity and prepayment rates. Assumptions used for the underlying loans that support the mortgage-backed securities (MBS) can vary widely from loan to loan and are influenced by such factors as loan interest rate, geographical location of the borrower, borrower characteristics and collateral type. Based on these assumptions, the Corporation then determines how the underlying collateral cash flows will be distributed to each MBS issued from the applicable special purpose entity. Expected principal and interest cash flows on an impaired AFS debt security are discounted using the effective yield of each individual impaired AFS debt security.

Significant assumptions used in estimating the expected cash flows for measuring credit losses on non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities (RMBS) were as follows at March 31, 2012.

Significant Assumptions
 
 
 
Range (1)
 
Weighted-average
 
10th Percentile (2)
 
90th Percentile (2)
Annual prepayment speed
9.0%
 
3.0%
 
20.0%
Loss severity
51.0
 
18.0
 
64.0
Life default rate
54.0
 
2.0
 
99.0
(1) 
Represents the range of inputs/assumptions based upon the underlying collateral.
(2) 
The value of a variable below which the indicated percentile of observations will fall.

Annual constant prepayment speed and loss severity rates are projected considering collateral characteristics such as loan-to-value (LTV), creditworthiness of borrowers as measured using FICO scores and geographic concentrations. The weighted-average severity by collateral type was 46 percent for prime bonds, 51 percent for Alt-A bonds and 62 percent for subprime bonds at March 31, 2012. Additionally, default rates are projected by considering collateral characteristics including, but not limited to LTV, FICO and geographic concentration. Weighted-average life default rates by collateral type were 40 percent for prime bonds, 64 percent for Alt-A bonds and 71 percent for subprime bonds at March 31, 2012.

The table below presents the fair value and the associated gross unrealized losses on AFS securities with gross unrealized losses at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, and whether these securities have had gross unrealized losses for less than twelve months or for twelve months or longer.

Temporarily Impaired and Other-than-temporarily Impaired Securities
 
 
Less than Twelve Months
 
Twelve Months or Longer
 
Total
(Dollars in millions)
Fair Value
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair Value
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair Value
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Temporarily impaired available-for-sale debt securities at March 31, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury and agency securities
$
847

 
$
(4
)
 
$
35,464

 
$
(870
)
 
$
36,311

 
$
(874
)
Mortgage-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agency
52,479

 
(411
)
 
426

 
(10
)
 
52,905

 
(421
)
Agency collateralized mortgage obligations
10,223

 
(121
)
 
933

 
(24
)
 
11,156

 
(145
)
Non-agency residential
1,520

 
(33
)
 
2,469

 
(167
)
 
3,989

 
(200
)
Non-agency commercial
39

 
(1
)
 

 

 
39

 
(1
)
Non-U.S. securities
1,110

 
(16
)
 
159

 
(2
)
 
1,269

 
(18
)
Corporate bonds
247

 
(19
)
 
90

 
(9
)
 
337

 
(28
)
Other taxable securities
6,048

 
(23
)
 
1,299

 
(29
)
 
7,347

 
(52
)
Total taxable securities
72,513

 
(628
)
 
40,840

 
(1,111
)
 
113,353

 
(1,739
)
Tax-exempt securities
709

 
(9
)
 
1,916

 
(48
)
 
2,625

 
(57
)
Total temporarily impaired available-for-sale debt securities
73,222

 
(637
)
 
42,756

 
(1,159
)
 
115,978

 
(1,796
)
Temporarily impaired available-for-sale marketable equity securities

 

 
7

 
(5
)
 
7

 
(5
)
Total temporarily impaired available-for-sale securities
73,222

 
(637
)
 
42,763

 
(1,164
)
 
115,985

 
(1,801
)
Other-than-temporarily impaired available-for-sale debt securities (1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities
60

 
(14
)
 
306

 
(14
)
 
366

 
(28
)
Total temporarily impaired and other-than-temporarily impaired available-for-sale securities (2)
$
73,282

 
$
(651
)
 
$
43,069

 
$
(1,178
)
 
$
116,351

 
$
(1,829
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Temporarily impaired available-for-sale debt securities at December 31, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury and agency securities
$

 
$

 
$
38,269

 
$
(811
)
 
$
38,269

 
$
(811
)
Mortgage-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agency
4,679

 
(13
)
 
474

 
(8
)
 
5,153

 
(21
)
Agency collateralized mortgage obligations
11,448

 
(134
)
 
976

 
(33
)
 
12,424

 
(167
)
Non-agency residential
2,112

 
(59
)
 
3,950

 
(350
)
 
6,062

 
(409
)
Non-agency commercial
55

 
(1
)
 

 

 
55

 
(1
)
Non-U.S. securities
1,008

 
(13
)
 
165

 
(1
)
 
1,173

 
(14
)
Corporate bonds
415

 
(29
)
 
111

 
(8
)
 
526

 
(37
)
Other taxable securities
4,210

 
(41
)
 
1,361

 
(19
)
 
5,571

 
(60
)
Total taxable securities
23,927

 
(290
)
 
45,306

 
(1,230
)
 
69,233

 
(1,520
)
Tax-exempt securities
1,117

 
(25
)
 
2,754

 
(65
)
 
3,871

 
(90
)
Total temporarily impaired available-for-sale debt securities
25,044

 
(315
)
 
48,060

 
(1,295
)
 
73,104

 
(1,610
)
Temporarily impaired available-for-sale marketable equity securities
31

 
(1
)
 
6

 
(6
)
 
37

 
(7
)
Total temporarily impaired available-for-sale securities
25,075

 
(316
)
 
48,066

 
(1,301
)
 
73,141

 
(1,617
)
Other-than-temporarily impaired available-for-sale debt securities (1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities
158

 
(28
)
 
489

 
(45
)
 
647

 
(73
)
Total temporarily impaired and other-than-temporarily impaired available-for-sale securities (2)
$
25,233

 
$
(344
)
 
$
48,555

 
$
(1,346
)
 
$
73,788

 
$
(1,690
)
(1) 
Includes other-than-temporarily impaired AFS debt securities on which OTTI loss remains in OCI.
(2) 
At March 31, 2012, the amortized cost of approximately 4,200 AFS securities exceeded their fair value by $1.8 billion. At December 31, 2011, the amortized cost of approximately 3,800 AFS securities exceeded their fair value by $1.7 billion.

The amortized cost and fair value of the Corporation’s investment in AFS and HTM debt securities from Fannie Mae (FNMA), the Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA), Freddie Mac (FHLMC) and U.S. Treasury securities where the investment exceeded 10 percent of consolidated shareholders’ equity at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011 are presented in the table below.

Selected Securities Exceeding 10 Percent of Shareholders' Equity
 
March 31, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
(Dollars in millions)
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair
Value
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair
Value
Fannie Mae
$
111,297

 
$
111,915

 
$
87,898

 
$
89,243

Government National Mortgage Association
110,034

 
112,506

 
102,960

 
106,200

Freddie Mac
26,656

 
26,979

 
26,617

 
27,129

U.S Treasury Securities
40,202

 
39,558

 
39,946

 
39,164



The expected maturity distribution of the Corporation’s MBS and the contractual maturity distribution of the Corporation’s other AFS debt securities, and the yields on the Corporation’s AFS debt securities portfolio at March 31, 2012 are summarized in the table below. Actual maturities may differ from the contractual or expected maturities since borrowers may have the right to prepay obligations with or without prepayment penalties.

Debt Securities Maturities
 
March 31, 2012
 
Due in One
Year or Less
 
Due after One Year
through Five Years
 
Due after Five
Years through Ten Years
 
Due after
Ten Years
 
Total
(Dollars in millions)
Amount
Yield (1)
 
Amount
Yield (1)
 
Amount
Yield (1)
 
Amount
Yield (1)
 
Amount
Yield (1)
Amortized cost of AFS debt securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury and agency securities
$
505

0.10
%
 
$
796

0.90
%
 
$
2,382

5.30
%
 
$
36,926

3.10
%
 
$
40,609

3.20
%
Mortgage-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agency
31

4.60

 
56,137

3.40

 
67,526

3.50

 
48,641

3.20

 
172,335

3.40

Agency-collateralized mortgage obligations
54

0.70

 
20,917

1.90

 
20,708

4.20

 
19

1.00

 
41,698

3.00

Non-agency residential
1,164

4.90

 
6,531

4.60

 
3,266

4.30

 
437

3.30

 
11,398

4.50

Non-agency commercial
156

5.10

 
4,061

6.70

 
60

6.80

 
56

4.80

 
4,333

6.60

Non-U.S. securities
3,945

0.90

 
2,364

4.90

 
220

2.70

 
1

6.90

 
6,530

4.70

Corporate bonds
583

1.80

 
1,245

1.90

 
397

4.70

 
139

1.00

 
2,364

1.90

Other taxable securities
1,191

1.30

 
5,900

1.50

 
2,130

2.00

 
1,374

1.00

 
10,595

1.50

Total taxable securities
7,629

1.69

 
97,951

3.18

 
96,689

3.69

 
87,593

3.12

 
289,862

3.35

Tax-exempt securities
42

2.20

 
917

1.80

 
831

2.50

 
1,904

0.30

 
3,694

1.19

Total amortized cost of AFS debt securities
$
7,671

1.69

 
$
98,868

3.17

 
$
97,520

3.68

 
$
89,497

3.06

 
$
293,556

3.33

Total amortized cost of held-to-maturity debt securities (2)
$
57

1.80
%
 
$
3,871

3.00
%
 
$
7,603

3.00
%
 
$
22,674

3.10
%
 
$
34,205

3.10
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair value of AFS debt securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury and agency securities
$
506

 
 
$
820

 
 
$
2,573

 
 
$
36,067

 
 
$
39,966

 
Mortgage-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agency
32

 
 
57,128

 
 
68,940

 
 
48,991

 
 
175,091

 
Agency-collateralized mortgage obligations
54

 
 
20,931

 
 
21,351

 
 
19

 
 
42,355

 
Non-agency residential
1,157

 
 
6,645

 
 
3,243

 
 
425

 
 
11,470

 
Non-agency commercial
158

 
 
4,615

 
 
69

 
 
57

 
 
4,899

 
Non-U.S. securities
3,795

 
 
2,545

 
 
227

 
 
1

 
 
6,568

 
Corporate bonds
588

 
 
1,268

 
 
433

 
 
132

 
 
2,421

 
Other taxable securities
1,192

 
 
5,945

 
 
2,118

 
 
1,362

 
 
10,617

 
Total taxable securities
7,482

 
 
99,897

 
 
98,954

 
 
87,054

 
 
293,387

 
Tax-exempt securities
43

 
 
918

 
 
831

 
 
1,861

 
 
3,653

 
Total fair value of AFS debt securities
$
7,525

 
 
$
100,815

 
 
$
99,785

 
 
$
88,915

 
 
$
297,040

 
Total fair value of held-to-maturity debt
     securities (2)
$
57

 
 
$
3,876

 
 
$
7,634

 
 
$
22,873

 
 
$
34,440

 
(1) 
Average yield is computed using the effective yield of each security at the end of the period, weighted based on the amortized cost of each security. The effective yield considers the contractual coupon, amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts and excludes the effect of related hedging derivatives.
(2) 
Substantially all U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities.
The gross realized gains and losses on sales of debt securities for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011 are presented in the table below.

Gains and Losses on Sales of AFS Debt Securities
 
Three Months Ended March 31
(Dollars in millions)
2012
 
2011
Gross gains
$
1,173

 
$
554

Gross losses
(421
)
 
(8
)
Net gains on sales of debt securities
$
752

 
$
546

Income tax expense attributable to realized net gains on sales of debt securities
$
278

 
$
202



Certain Corporate and Strategic Investments

At March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the Corporation owned 2.0 billion shares representing approximately one percent of China Construction Bank (CCB). Sales restrictions on these shares continue until August 2013 and accordingly, these shares are carried at cost. The carrying value and cost basis of the investment at both March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011 was $716 million and the fair value was $1.5 billion and $1.4 billion. This investment is recorded in other assets. The strategic assistance agreement between the Corporation and CCB, which includes cooperation in specific business areas, remains in place.

The Corporation's 49 percent investment in a merchant services joint venture had a carrying value of $3.3 billion and $3.4 billion at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011.