Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

Securities

v3.5.0.2
Securities
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2016
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
Securities
NOTE 3 – Securities

The table below presents the amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses, and fair value of AFS debt securities, other debt securities carried at fair value, HTM debt securities and AFS marketable equity securities at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015. For information on the Corporation's change in accounting method for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts on certain debt securities, see Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Principles.

Debt Securities and Available-for-Sale Marketable Equity Securities
 
September 30, 2016
(Dollars in millions)
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
Available-for-sale debt securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agency
$
196,808

 
$
4,266

 
$
(23
)
 
$
201,051

Agency-collateralized mortgage obligations
8,862

 
243

 
(24
)
 
9,081

Commercial
12,555

 
383

 
(2
)
 
12,936

Non-agency residential (1)
1,476

 
180

 
(38
)
 
1,618

Total mortgage-backed securities
219,701

 
5,072

 
(87
)
 
224,686

U.S. Treasury and agency securities
44,925

 
363

 
(4
)
 
45,284

Non-U.S. securities
5,995

 
19

 
(4
)
 
6,010

Other taxable securities, substantially all asset-backed securities
9,375

 
73

 
(32
)
 
9,416

Total taxable securities
279,996

 
5,527

 
(127
)
 
285,396

Tax-exempt securities
15,917

 
97

 
(30
)
 
15,984

Total available-for-sale debt securities
295,913

 
5,624

 
(157
)
 
301,380

Other debt securities carried at fair value
21,222

 
114

 
(211
)
 
21,125

Total debt securities carried at fair value
317,135

 
5,738

 
(368
)
 
322,505

Held-to-maturity debt securities, substantially all U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities
112,409

 
1,647

 
(91
)
 
113,965

Total debt securities (2)
$
429,544

 
$
7,385

 
$
(459
)
 
$
436,470

Available-for-sale marketable equity securities (3)
$
325

 
$
57

 
$
(28
)
 
$
354

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2015
Available-for-sale debt securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agency
$
229,356

 
$
1,061

 
$
(1,470
)
 
$
228,947

Agency-collateralized mortgage obligations
10,892

 
148

 
(55
)
 
10,985

Commercial
7,200

 
30

 
(65
)
 
7,165

Non-agency residential (1)
3,031

 
219

 
(71
)
 
3,179

Total mortgage-backed securities
250,479

 
1,458

 
(1,661
)
 
250,276

U.S. Treasury and agency securities
25,075

 
211

 
(9
)
 
25,277

Non-U.S. securities
5,743

 
27

 
(3
)
 
5,767

Other taxable securities, substantially all asset-backed securities
10,475

 
54

 
(84
)
 
10,445

Total taxable securities
291,772

 
1,750

 
(1,757
)
 
291,765

Tax-exempt securities
13,978

 
63

 
(33
)
 
14,008

Total available-for-sale debt securities
305,750

 
1,813

 
(1,790
)
 
305,773

Other debt securities carried at fair value
16,678

 
103

 
(174
)
 
16,607

Total debt securities carried at fair value
322,428

 
1,916

 
(1,964
)
 
322,380

Held-to-maturity debt securities, substantially all U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities
84,508

 
330

 
(792
)
 
84,046

Total debt securities (2)
$
406,936

 
$
2,246

 
$
(2,756
)
 
$
406,426

Available-for-sale marketable equity securities (3)
$
326

 
$
99

 
$

 
$
425

(1) 
At September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the underlying collateral type included approximately 57 percent and 71 percent prime, 25 percent and 15 percent Alt-A, and 18 percent and 14 percent subprime.
(2) 
The Corporation had debt securities from Fannie Mae (FNMA) and Freddie Mac (FHLMC) that each exceeded 10 percent of shareholders' equity, with an amortized cost of $154.7 billion and $51.1 billion, and a fair value of $158.0 billion and $52.4 billion at September 30, 2016. Debt securities from FNMA and FHLMC that exceeded 10 percent of shareholders' equity had an amortized cost of $145.8 billion and $53.3 billion, and a fair value of $145.5 billion and $53.2 billion at December 31, 2015.
(3) 
Classified in other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
At September 30, 2016, the accumulated net unrealized gain on AFS debt securities included in accumulated OCI was $3.4 billion, net of the related income tax expense of $2.1 billion. At September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Corporation had nonperforming AFS debt securities of $125 million and $188 million.

The table below presents the components of other debt securities carried at fair value where the changes in fair value are reported in other income. In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Corporation recorded unrealized mark-to-market net gains of $47 million and net losses of $25 million, and realized net losses of $28 million and $65 million, compared to unrealized mark-to-market net gains of $212 million and $57 million, and realized net losses of $147 million and $168 million, for the same periods in 2015. These amounts exclude hedge results.

Other Debt Securities Carried at Fair Value
 
 
 
(Dollars in millions)
September 30
2016
 
December 31
2015
Mortgage-backed securities:
 
 
 
Agency-collateralized mortgage obligations
$
6

 
$
7

Non-agency residential
3,193

 
3,490

Total mortgage-backed securities
3,199

 
3,497

Non-U.S. securities (1)
17,680

 
12,843

Other taxable securities, substantially all asset-backed securities
246

 
267

Total
$
21,125

 
$
16,607

(1) 
These securities are primarily used to satisfy certain international regulatory liquidity requirements.

The gross realized gains and losses on sales of AFS debt securities for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 are presented in the table below.

Gains and Losses on Sales of AFS Debt Securities
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30
 
Nine Months Ended September 30
(Dollars in millions)
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
Gross gains
$
57

 
$
441

 
$
513

 
$
899

Gross losses
(6
)
 
(4
)
 
(23
)
 
(13
)
Net gains on sales of AFS debt securities
$
51

 
$
437

 
$
490

 
$
886

Income tax expense attributable to realized net gains on sales of AFS debt securities
$
19

 
$
166

 
$
186

 
$
337


The table below presents the fair value and the associated gross unrealized losses on AFS debt securities and whether these securities have had gross unrealized losses for less than 12 months or for 12 months or longer at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

Temporarily Impaired and Other-than-temporarily Impaired AFS Debt Securities
 
 
September 30, 2016
 
Less than Twelve Months
 
Twelve Months or Longer
 
Total
(Dollars in millions)
Fair
Value
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Temporarily impaired AFS debt securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agency
$
1,591

 
$
(2
)
 
$
4,105

 
$
(21
)
 
$
5,696

 
$
(23
)
Agency-collateralized mortgage obligations
604

 
(3
)
 
1,133

 
(21
)
 
1,737

 
(24
)
Commercial
941

 
(2
)
 

 

 
941

 
(2
)
Non-agency residential

 

 
237

 
(16
)
 
237

 
(16
)
Total mortgage-backed securities
3,136

 
(7
)
 
5,475

 
(58
)
 
8,611

 
(65
)
U.S. Treasury and agency securities
2,213

 
(4
)
 

 

 
2,213

 
(4
)
Non-U.S. securities
273

 
(1
)
 
133

 
(3
)
 
406

 
(4
)
Other taxable securities, substantially all asset-backed securities
3,499

 
(8
)
 
1,448

 
(24
)
 
4,947

 
(32
)
Total taxable securities
9,121

 
(20
)
 
7,056

 
(85
)
 
16,177

 
(105
)
Tax-exempt securities
2,731

 
(11
)
 
1,077

 
(19
)
 
3,808

 
(30
)
Total temporarily impaired AFS debt securities
11,852

 
(31
)
 
8,133

 
(104
)
 
19,985

 
(135
)
Other-than-temporarily impaired AFS debt securities (1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities
21

 
(1
)
 
387

 
(21
)
 
408

 
(22
)
Total temporarily impaired and other-than-temporarily impaired AFS debt securities
$
11,873

 
$
(32
)
 
$
8,520

 
$
(125
)
 
$
20,393

 
$
(157
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2015
Temporarily impaired AFS debt securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agency
$
115,502

 
$
(1,082
)
 
$
13,083

 
$
(388
)
 
$
128,585

 
$
(1,470
)
Agency-collateralized mortgage obligations
2,536

 
(19
)
 
1,212

 
(36
)
 
3,748

 
(55
)
Commercial
4,587

 
(65
)
 

 

 
4,587

 
(65
)
Non-agency residential
553

 
(5
)
 
723

 
(33
)
 
1,276

 
(38
)
Total mortgage-backed securities
123,178

 
(1,171
)
 
15,018

 
(457
)
 
138,196

 
(1,628
)
U.S. Treasury and agency securities
1,172

 
(5
)
 
190

 
(4
)
 
1,362

 
(9
)
Non-U.S. securities

 

 
134

 
(3
)
 
134

 
(3
)
Other taxable securities, substantially all asset-backed securities
4,936

 
(67
)
 
869

 
(17
)
 
5,805

 
(84
)
Total taxable securities
129,286

 
(1,243
)
 
16,211

 
(481
)
 
145,497

 
(1,724
)
Tax-exempt securities
4,400

 
(12
)
 
1,877

 
(21
)
 
6,277

 
(33
)
Total temporarily impaired AFS debt securities
133,686

 
(1,255
)
 
18,088

 
(502
)
 
151,774

 
(1,757
)
Other-than-temporarily impaired AFS debt securities (1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities
481

 
(19
)
 
98

 
(14
)
 
579

 
(33
)
Total temporarily impaired and other-than-temporarily impaired AFS debt securities
$
134,167

 
$
(1,274
)
 
$
18,186

 
$
(516
)
 
$
152,353

 
$
(1,790
)
(1)
Includes other-than-temporarily impaired AFS debt securities on which an other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) loss, primarily related to changes in interest rates, remains in accumulated OCI.

The Corporation recorded OTTI losses on AFS debt securities for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 as presented in the Net Credit-related Impairment Losses Recognized in Earnings table. Substantially all OTTI losses in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 consisted of credit losses on non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities (RMBS) and were recorded in other income in the Consolidated Statement of Income. A debt security is impaired when its fair value is less than its amortized cost. If the Corporation intends or will more-likely-than-not be required to sell a debt security prior to recovery, the entire impairment loss is recorded in the Consolidated Statement of Income. For AFS debt securities the Corporation does not intend or will not more-likely-than-not be required to sell, an analysis is performed to determine if any of the impairment is due to credit or whether it is due to other factors (e.g., interest rate). Credit losses are considered unrecoverable and, accordingly, are recorded in the Consolidated Statement of Income with the remaining unrealized losses recorded in OCI. In certain instances, the credit loss on a debt security may exceed the total impairment, in which case, the excess of the credit loss over the total impairment is recorded as an unrealized gain in OCI.

Net Credit-related Impairment Losses Recognized in Earnings
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30
 
Nine Months Ended September 30
(Dollars in millions)
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
Total OTTI losses
$
(6
)
 
$
(5
)
 
$
(27
)
 
$
(87
)
Less: non-credit portion of total OTTI losses recognized in OCI
4

 
3

 
13

 
10

Net credit-related impairment losses recognized in earnings
$
(2
)
 
$
(2
)
 
$
(14
)
 
$
(77
)


The table below presents a rollforward of the credit losses recognized in earnings for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 on AFS debt securities that the Corporation does not have the intent to sell or will not more-likely-than-not be required to sell.

Rollforward of OTTI Credit Losses Recognized
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30
 
Nine Months Ended September 30
(Dollars in millions)
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
Balance, beginning of period
$
246

 
$
261

 
$
266

 
$
200

Additions for credit losses recognized on AFS debt securities that had no previous impairment losses

 
1

 
2

 
50

Additions for credit losses recognized on AFS debt securities that had previously incurred impairment losses
2

 

 
12

 
26

Reductions for AFS debt securities matured, sold or intended to be sold

 

 
(32
)
 
(14
)
Balance, September 30
$
248

 
$
262

 
$
248

 
$
262



The Corporation estimates the portion of a loss on a security that is attributable to credit using a discounted cash flow model and estimates the expected cash flows of the underlying collateral using internal credit, interest rate and prepayment risk models that incorporate management's best estimate of current key assumptions such as default rates, loss severity and prepayment rates. Assumptions used for the underlying loans that support the MBS can vary widely from loan to loan and are influenced by such factors as loan interest rate, geographic location of the borrower, borrower characteristics and collateral type. Based on these assumptions, the Corporation then determines how the underlying collateral cash flows will be distributed to each MBS issued from the applicable special purpose entity. Expected principal and interest cash flows on an impaired AFS debt security are discounted using the effective yield of each individual impaired AFS debt security.

Significant assumptions used in estimating the expected cash flows for measuring credit losses on non-agency RMBS were as follows at September 30, 2016.

Significant Assumptions
 
 
 
Range (1)
 
Weighted-
average
 
10th
Percentile (2)
 
90th
Percentile (2)
Annual prepayment speed
14.2
%
 
4.9
%
 
28.0
%
Loss severity
20.1

 
8.7

 
36.8

Life default rate
20.6

 
0.7

 
78.2

(1) 
Represents the range of inputs/assumptions based upon the underlying collateral.
(2) 
The value of a variable below which the indicated percentile of observations will fall.

Annual constant prepayment speed and loss severity rates are projected considering collateral characteristics such as loan-to-value (LTV), creditworthiness of borrowers as measured using Fair Isaac Corporation (FICO) scores, and geographic concentrations. The weighted-average severity by collateral type was 17.3 percent for prime, 18.8 percent for Alt-A and 30.6 percent for subprime at September 30, 2016. Additionally, default rates are projected by considering collateral characteristics including, but not limited to, LTV, FICO score and geographic concentration. Weighted-average life default rates by collateral type were 14.2 percent for prime, 21.8 percent for Alt-A and 21.5 percent for subprime at September 30, 2016.

The remaining contractual maturity distribution and yields of the Corporation's debt securities carried at fair value and HTM debt securities at September 30, 2016 are summarized in the table below. Actual duration and yields may differ as prepayments on the loans underlying the mortgage or other asset-backed securities are passed through to the Corporation.

Maturities of Debt Securities Carried at Fair Value and Held-to-maturity Debt Securities
 
September 30, 2016
 
Due in One
Year or Less
 
Due after One Year
through Five Years
 
Due after Five
Years through Ten Years
 
Due after
Ten Years
 
Total
(Dollars in millions)
Amount
Yield (1)
 
Amount
Yield (1)
 
Amount
Yield (1)
 
Amount
Yield (1)
 
Amount
Yield (1)
Amortized cost of debt securities carried at fair value
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agency
$
2

5.24
%
 
$
79

2.99
%
 
$
405

2.58
%
 
$
196,322

3.26
%
 
$
196,808

3.25
%
Agency-collateralized mortgage obligations


 


 


 
8,867

3.19

 
8,867

3.19

Commercial
48

8.56

 
499

1.89

 
10,891

2.46

 
1,117

2.22

 
12,555

2.44

Non-agency residential


 


 


 
4,767

8.15

 
4,767

8.15

Total mortgage-backed securities
50

8.43

 
578

2.04

 
11,296

2.46

 
211,073

3.36

 
222,997

3.31

U.S. Treasury and agency securities
534

0.31

 
30,312

1.30

 
13,862

1.51

 
217

5.46

 
44,925

1.37

Non-U.S. securities
22,106

0.64

 
1,035

1.89

 
262

1.43

 
264

6.56

 
23,667

0.77

Other taxable securities, substantially all asset-backed securities
1,818

1.40

 
4,021

1.65

 
2,447

2.77

 
1,343

3.30

 
9,629

2.12

Total taxable securities
24,508

0.71

 
35,946

1.37

 
27,867

2.01

 
212,897

3.37

 
301,218

2.78

Tax-exempt securities
1,569

0.99

 
6,025

1.25

 
6,402

1.43

 
1,921

1.35

 
15,917

1.31

Total amortized cost of debt securities carried at fair value
$
26,077

0.73

 
$
41,971

1.35

 
$
34,269

1.90

 
$
214,818

3.35

 
$
317,135

2.71

Amortized cost of HTM debt securities (2)
$


 
$
16

3.54

 
$
904

2.40

 
$
111,489

3.06

 
$
112,409

3.06

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Debt securities carried at fair value
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agency
$
2

 
 
$
54

 
 
$
414

 
 
$
200,581

 
 
$
201,051

 
Agency-collateralized mortgage obligations

 
 

 
 

 
 
9,087

 
 
9,087

 
Commercial
48

 
 
506

 
 
11,257

 
 
1,125

 
 
12,936

 
Non-agency residential

 
 

 
 

 
 
4,811

 
 
4,811

 
Total mortgage-backed securities
50

 
 
560

 
 
11,671

 
 
215,604

 
 
227,885

 
U.S. Treasury and agency securities
535

 
 
30,565

 
 
13,947

 
 
237

 
 
45,284

 
Non-U.S. securities
22,113

 
 
1,040

 
 
264

 
 
273

 
 
23,690

 
Other taxable securities, substantially all asset-backed securities
1,816

 
 
3,982

 
 
2,496

 
 
1,368

 
 
9,662

 
Total taxable securities
24,514

 
 
36,147

 
 
28,378

 
 
217,482

 
 
306,521

 
Tax-exempt securities
1,570

 
 
6,033

 
 
6,473

 
 
1,908

 
 
15,984

 
Total debt securities carried at fair value
$
26,084

 
 
$
42,180

 
 
$
34,851

 
 
$
219,390

 
 
$
322,505

 
Fair value of HTM debt securities (2)
$

 
 
$
16

 
 
$
921

 
 
$
113,028

 
 
$
113,965

 
(1) 
The average yield is computed based on a constant effective interest rate over the contractual life of each security. The average yield considers the contractual coupon and the amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts, excluding the effect of related hedging derivatives.
(2) 
Substantially all U.S. agency MBS.