Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

Fair Value Measurements

v3.19.2
Fair Value Measurements
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Fair Value Measurements Fair Value Measurements
Under applicable accounting standards, fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The Corporation determines the fair values of its financial instruments under applicable accounting standards and conducts a review of its fair value hierarchy classifications on a quarterly basis. Transfers into or out of fair value hierarchy classifications are made if the significant inputs used in the financial models measuring the fair values of the assets and liabilities become unobservable or observable in the current marketplace. During the
six months ended June 30, 2019, there were no changes to valuation approaches or techniques that had, or are expected to have, a material impact on the Corporation’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.
For more information regarding the fair value hierarchy, how the Corporation measures fair value and valuation techniques, see Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Principles and Note 20 – Fair Value Measurements to the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Corporation’s 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K. The Corporation accounts for certain financial instruments under the fair value option. For additional information, see Note 16 – Fair Value Option.

Recurring Fair Value
Assets and liabilities carried at fair value on a recurring basis at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, including financial instruments that the Corporation accounts for under the fair value option, are summarized in the following tables.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
June 30, 2019
 
Fair Value Measurements
 
 
 
 
(Dollars in millions)
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Netting Adjustments (1)
 
Assets/Liabilities at Fair Value
Assets
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Time deposits placed and other short-term investments
$
1,179

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
1,179

Federal funds sold and securities borrowed or purchased under agreements to resell

 
54,257

 

 

 
54,257

Trading account assets:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

U.S. Treasury and agency securities (2)
42,612

 
825

 

 

 
43,437

Corporate securities, trading loans and other

 
27,902

 
1,393

 

 
29,295

Equity securities
72,274

 
30,515

 
296

 

 
103,085

Non-U.S. sovereign debt
11,279

 
29,318

 
481

 

 
41,078

Mortgage trading loans, MBS and ABS:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. government-sponsored agency guaranteed (2)

 
24,769

 

 

 
24,769

Mortgage trading loans, ABS and other MBS

 
8,934

 
1,389

 

 
10,323

Total trading account assets (3)
126,165

 
122,263

 
3,559

 

 
251,987

Derivative assets
14,574

 
336,706

 
3,403

 
(309,771
)
 
44,912

AFS debt securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

U.S. Treasury and agency securities
55,574

 
1,245

 

 

 
56,819

Mortgage-backed securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Agency

 
125,569

 

 

 
125,569

Agency-collateralized mortgage obligations

 
5,210

 

 

 
5,210

Non-agency residential

 
1,454

 
568

 

 
2,022

Commercial

 
14,525

 

 

 
14,525

Non-U.S. securities

 
11,183

 
2

 

 
11,185

Other taxable securities

 
3,692

 
3

 

 
3,695

Tax-exempt securities

 
16,954

 

 

 
16,954

Total AFS debt securities
55,574

 
179,832

 
573

 

 
235,979

Other debt securities carried at fair value:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-agency residential MBS

 
1,325

 
273

 

 
1,598

Non-U.S. securities
2,838

 
5,676

 

 

 
8,514

Other taxable securities

 
3

 

 

 
3

Total other debt securities carried at fair value
2,838

 
7,004

 
273

 

 
10,115

Loans and leases

 
7,508

 
355

 

 
7,863

Loans held-for-sale

 
1,902

 
486

 

 
2,388

Other assets (4)
17,689

 
1,834

 
2,551

 

 
22,074

Total assets (5)
$
218,019

 
$
711,306

 
$
11,200

 
$
(309,771
)
 
$
630,754

Liabilities
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Interest-bearing deposits in U.S. offices
$

 
$
604

 
$

 
$

 
$
604

Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase

 
19,866

 

 

 
19,866

Trading account liabilities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
U.S. Treasury and agency securities
14,891

 
2,072

 

 

 
16,963

Equity securities
32,135

 
3,604

 
2

 

 
35,741

Non-U.S. sovereign debt
13,814

 
8,100

 

 

 
21,914

Corporate securities and other

 
7,519

 
13

 

 
7,532

Total trading account liabilities
60,840

 
21,295

 
15

 

 
82,150

Derivative liabilities
13,435

 
330,362

 
4,517

 
(309,934
)
 
38,380

Short-term borrowings

 
2,403

 

 

 
2,403

Accrued expenses and other liabilities
20,773

 
2,038

 

 

 
22,811

Long-term debt

 
34,296

 
902

 

 
35,198

Total liabilities (5)
$
95,048

 
$
410,864

 
$
5,434

 
$
(309,934
)
 
$
201,412

(1) 
Amounts represent the impact of legally enforceable master netting agreements and also cash collateral held or placed with the same counterparties.
(2) 
Includes $25.2 billion of GSE obligations.
(3) 
Includes securities with a fair value of $16.0 billion that were segregated in compliance with securities regulations or deposited with clearing organizations. This amount is included in the parenthetical disclosure on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
(4) 
Includes MSRs of $1.7 billion which are classified as Level 3 assets.
(5) 
Total recurring Level 3 assets were 0.47 percent of total consolidated assets, and total recurring Level 3 liabilities were 0.26 percent of total consolidated liabilities.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2018
 
Fair Value Measurements
 
 
 
 
(Dollars in millions)
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Netting Adjustments (1)
 
Assets/Liabilities at Fair Value
Assets
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Time deposits placed and other short-term investments
$
1,214

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
1,214

Federal funds sold and securities borrowed or purchased under agreements to resell

 
56,399

 

 

 
56,399

Trading account assets:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

U.S. Treasury and agency securities (2)
53,131

 
1,593

 

 

 
54,724

Corporate securities, trading loans and other

 
24,630

 
1,558

 

 
26,188

Equity securities
53,840

 
23,163

 
276

 

 
77,279

Non-U.S. sovereign debt
5,818

 
19,210

 
465

 

 
25,493

Mortgage trading loans, MBS and ABS:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. government-sponsored agency guaranteed (2)

 
19,586

 

 

 
19,586

Mortgage trading loans, ABS and other MBS

 
9,443

 
1,635

 

 
11,078

Total trading account assets (3)
112,789

 
97,625

 
3,934

 

 
214,348

Derivative assets
9,967

 
315,413

 
3,466

 
(285,121
)
 
43,725

AFS debt securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

U.S. Treasury and agency securities
53,663

 
1,260

 

 

 
54,923

Mortgage-backed securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Agency

 
121,826

 

 

 
121,826

Agency-collateralized mortgage obligations

 
5,530

 

 

 
5,530

Non-agency residential

 
1,320

 
597

 

 
1,917

Commercial

 
14,078

 

 

 
14,078

Non-U.S. securities

 
9,304

 
2

 

 
9,306

Other taxable securities

 
4,403

 
7

 

 
4,410

Tax-exempt securities

 
17,376

 

 

 
17,376

Total AFS debt securities
53,663

 
175,097

 
606

 

 
229,366

Other debt securities carried at fair value:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury and agency securities
1,282

 

 

 

 
1,282

Non-agency residential MBS

 
1,434

 
172

 

 
1,606

Non-U.S. securities
490

 
5,354

 

 

 
5,844

Other taxable securities

 
3

 

 

 
3

Total other debt securities carried at fair value
1,772

 
6,791

 
172

 

 
8,735

Loans and leases

 
4,011

 
338

 

 
4,349

Loans held-for-sale

 
2,400

 
542

 

 
2,942

Other assets (4)
15,032

 
1,775

 
2,932

 

 
19,739

Total assets (5)
$
194,437

 
$
659,511

 
$
11,990

 
$
(285,121
)
 
$
580,817

Liabilities
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Interest-bearing deposits in U.S. offices
$

 
$
492

 
$

 
$

 
$
492

Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase

 
28,875

 

 

 
28,875

Trading account liabilities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
U.S. Treasury and agency securities
7,894

 
761

 

 

 
8,655

Equity securities
33,739

 
4,070

 

 

 
37,809

Non-U.S. sovereign debt
7,452

 
9,182

 

 

 
16,634

Corporate securities and other

 
5,104

 
18

 

 
5,122

Total trading account liabilities
49,085

 
19,117

 
18

 

 
68,220

Derivative liabilities
9,931

 
303,441

 
4,401

 
(279,882
)
 
37,891

Short-term borrowings

 
1,648

 

 

 
1,648

Accrued expenses and other liabilities
18,096

 
1,979

 

 

 
20,075

Long-term debt

 
26,872

 
817

 

 
27,689

Total liabilities (5)
$
77,112

 
$
382,424

 
$
5,236

 
$
(279,882
)
 
$
184,890


(1) 
Amounts represent the impact of legally enforceable master netting agreements and also cash collateral held or placed with the same counterparties.
(2) 
Includes $20.2 billion of GSE obligations.
(3) 
Includes securities with a fair value of $16.6 billion that were segregated in compliance with securities regulations or deposited with clearing organizations. This amount is included in the parenthetical disclosure on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
(4) 
Includes MSRs of $2.0 billion which are classified as Level 3 assets.
(5) 
Total recurring Level 3 assets were 0.51 percent of total consolidated assets, and total recurring Level 3 liabilities were 0.25 percent of total consolidated liabilities.
The following tables present a reconciliation of all assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, including net realized and unrealized gains (losses) included in earnings and accumulated OCI. Transfers into Level 3 occur primarily due to
decreased price observability, and transfers out of Level 3 occur primarily due to increased price observability. Transfers occur on a regular basis for long-term debt instruments due to changes in the impact of unobservable inputs on the value of the embedded derivative in relation to the instrument as a whole.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Level 3 – Fair Value Measurements (1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance
April 1
Total Realized/Unrealized Gains (Losses) in Net Income (2)
Gains
(Losses)
in OCI
(3)
Gross
Gross
Transfers
into
Level 3 
Gross
Transfers
out of
Level 3 
Balance
June 30
Change in Unrealized Gains (Losses) in Net Income Related to Financial Instruments Still Held (2)
(Dollars in millions)
Purchases
Sales
Issuances
Settlements
Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trading account assets:
 

 

 

 

 
 
 
 

 

 

 
Corporate securities, trading loans and other
$
1,428

$
55

$

$
140

$
(79
)
$

$
(146
)
$
107

$
(112
)
$
1,393

$
26

Equity securities
288

20


3

(5
)


1

(11
)
296

20

Non-U.S. sovereign debt
472

19

5

1



(11
)

(5
)
481

19

Mortgage trading loans, ABS and other MBS
1,510

50

(1
)
167

(324
)

(115
)
178

(76
)
1,389

4

Total trading account assets
3,698

144

4

311

(408
)

(272
)
286

(204
)
3,559

69

Net derivative assets (4)
(1,018
)
(91
)

56

(161
)

(33
)
17

116

(1,114
)
(94
)
AFS debt securities:
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Non-agency residential MBS
581


(3
)



(14
)
47

(43
)
568


Non-U.S. securities
2









2


Other taxable securities
3









3


Total AFS debt securities
586


(3
)



(14
)
47

(43
)
573


Other debt securities carried at fair value – Non-agency residential MBS
224

2





(7
)
69

(15
)
273

2

Loans and leases (5)
317





53

(15
)


355


Loans held-for-sale (5,6)
558

26

2


(50
)

(50
)


486

16

Other assets (6, 7)
2,749

(80
)
8


(10
)
67

(183
)


2,551

(128
)
Trading account liabilities – Equity securities

(2
)







(2
)
(2
)
Trading account liabilities – Corporate securities
   and other
(21
)
7


1






(13
)

Long-term debt (5)
(890
)
(41
)



(10
)
38


1

(902
)
(41
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trading account assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate securities, trading loans and other
$
1,716

$
(37
)
$
(1
)
$
81

$
(75
)
$

$
(74
)
$
145

$
(117
)
$
1,638

$
(67
)
Equity securities
212

1


2

(4
)

(4
)
29

(8
)
228

(3
)
Non-U.S. sovereign debt
401

13

(44
)
7




8

(17
)
368

13

Mortgage trading loans, ABS and other MBS
1,372

42


192

(256
)

(38
)
256

(45
)
1,523

32

Total trading account assets
3,701

19

(45
)
282

(335
)

(116
)
438

(187
)
3,757

(25
)
Net derivative assets (4)
(1,138
)
(239
)

195

(591
)

175

(4
)
14

(1,588
)
(251
)
AFS debt securities:
 

 

 

 
 
 
 

 

 

 

 
Non-agency residential MBS

8

(14
)




459


453


Non-U.S. securities
23


(1
)

(10
)

(12
)
3


3


Other taxable securities
43

1

(2
)



(3
)
60


99


Tax-exempt securities







1


1


Total AFS debt securities
66

9

(17
)

(10
)

(15
)
523


556


Other debt securities carried at fair value – Non-agency residential MBS

(4
)


(7
)


298


287

5

Loans and leases (5)
526

(4
)


(5
)

(24
)


493

(4
)
Loans held-for-sale (5)
685

(12
)
(27
)



(37
)

(32
)
577

(16
)
Other assets (6, 7)
3,295

76


2

(8
)
23

(169
)

(35
)
3,184

8

Trading account liabilities – Corporate securities
   and other
(26
)
1



(9
)
(1
)



(35
)
1

Accrued expenses and other liabilities (5)
(8
)





8





Long-term debt (5)
(1,351
)
63

2

4


(53
)
151

(114
)
73

(1,225
)
66

(1) 
Assets (liabilities). For assets, increase (decrease) to Level 3 and for liabilities, (increase) decrease to Level 3.
(2) 
Includes gains (losses) reported in earnings in the following income statement line items: Trading account assets/liabilities - predominantly trading account income; Net derivative assets - trading account income and other income; Other debt securities carried at fair value - other income; Loans and leases - other income; Loans held-for-sale - other income; Other assets - primarily other income related to MSRs; Long-term debt - primarily trading account income. For MSRs, the amounts reflect the changes in modeled MSR fair value due to observed changes in interest rates, volatility, spreads and the shape of the forward swap curve, and periodic adjustments to the valuation model to reflect changes in the modeled relationships between inputs and projected cash flows, as well as changes in cash flow assumptions including cost to service.
(3) 
Includes unrealized gains (losses) in OCI on AFS debt securities, foreign currency translation adjustments and the impact of changes in the Corporation’s credit spreads on long-term debt accounted for under the fair value option. Total gains (losses) in OCI include net unrealized gains of $11 million related to financial instruments still held at June 30, 2019.
(4) 
Net derivative assets include derivative assets of $3.4 billion and $4.5 billion and derivative liabilities of $4.5 billion and $6.1 billion at June 30, 2019 and 2018.
(5) 
Amounts represent instruments that are accounted for under the fair value option.
(6) 
Issuances represent loan originations and MSRs recognized following securitizations or whole-loan sales.
(7) 
Settlements primarily represent the net change in fair value of the MSR asset due to the recognition of modeled cash flows and the passage of time.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Level 3 – Fair Value Measurements (1)
 
 
 
 
Balance
January 1
Total Realized/Unrealized Gains (Losses) in Net Income (2)
Gains
(Losses)
in OCI
(3)
Gross
Gross
Transfers
into
Level 3 
Gross
Transfers
out of
Level 3 
Balance
June 30
Change in Unrealized Gains (Losses) in Net Income Related to Financial Instruments Still Held (2)
(Dollars in millions)

Purchases
Sales
Issuances
Settlements
Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trading account assets:
 

 

 

 

 
 
 
 

 

 

 
Corporate securities, trading loans and other
$
1,558

$
58

$

$
194

$
(152
)
$

$
(206
)
$
246

$
(305
)
$
1,393

$
20

Equity securities
276

22


21

(6
)

(3
)
3

(17
)
296

(4
)
Non-U.S. sovereign debt
465

27

4

1



(11
)

(5
)
481

27

Mortgage trading loans, ABS and other MBS
1,635

88

(2
)
397

(661
)

(124
)
267

(211
)
1,389

20

Total trading account assets
3,934

195

2

613

(819
)

(344
)
516

(538
)
3,559

63

Net derivative assets (4)
(935
)
(116
)

167

(406
)

(88
)
139

125

(1,114
)
(131
)
AFS debt securities:
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Non-agency residential MBS
597


90




(21
)
206

(304
)
568


Non-U.S. securities
2









2


Other taxable securities
7






(4
)


3


Total AFS debt securities
606


90




(25
)
206

(304
)
573


Other debt securities carried at fair value – Non-agency residential MBS
172

49





(8
)
107

(47
)
273

47

Loans and leases (5)
338

4



(15
)
53

(25
)


355

3

Loans held-for-sale (5,6)
542

38


10

(71
)
11

(103
)
59


486

20

Other assets (6, 7)
2,932

(154
)
16


(10
)
108

(341
)


2,551

(253
)
Trading account liabilities – Equity securities

(2
)







(2
)
(2
)
Trading account liabilities – Corporate securities
   and other
(18
)
7


1

(3
)




(13
)

Long-term debt (5)
(817
)
(87
)
(1
)


(13
)
76

(61
)
1

(902
)
(82
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trading account assets:
 

 

 
 
 
 

 
 

 

 
 
Corporate securities, trading loans and other
$
1,864

$
(28
)
$
(1
)
$
274

$
(211
)
$

$
(213
)
$
248

$
(295
)
$
1,638

$
(76
)
Equity securities
235

9


8

(11
)

(4
)
30

(39
)
228

9

Non-U.S. sovereign debt
556

29

(42
)
7

(50
)

(8
)
8

(132
)
368

28

Mortgage trading loans, ABS and other MBS
1,498

141

3

317

(576
)

(107
)
350

(103
)
1,523

81

Total trading account assets
4,153

151

(40
)
606

(848
)

(332
)
636

(569
)
3,757

42

Net derivative assets (4)
(1,714
)
256


348

(853
)

377

67

(69
)
(1,588
)
325

AFS debt securities:
 

 

 

 
 
 
 

 

 

 

 
Non-agency residential MBS

8

(14
)




459


453


Non-U.S. securities
25


(1
)

(10
)

(14
)
3


3


Other taxable securities
509

2

(2
)



(10
)
60

(460
)
99


Tax-exempt securities
469







1

(469
)
1


Total AFS debt securities (8)
1,003

10

(17
)

(10
)

(24
)
523

(929
)
556


Other debt securities carried at fair value – Non-agency residential MBS

(4
)


(7
)


298


287

5

Loans and leases (5)
571

(20
)


(9
)

(49
)


493

(19
)
Loans held-for-sale (5)
690

12

(27
)
12



(78
)

(32
)
577

5

Other assets (6,7,8)
2,425

268


2

(46
)
52

(411
)
929

(35
)
3,184

145

Trading account liabilities – Corporate securities
   and other
(24
)
2



(11
)
(2
)



(35
)
1

Accrued expenses and other liabilities (5)
(8
)





8





Long-term debt (5)
(1,863
)
86

3

9


(120
)
323

(147
)
484

(1,225
)
51

(1) 
Assets (liabilities). For assets, increase (decrease) to Level 3 and for liabilities, (increase) decrease to Level 3.
(2) 
Includes gains (losses) reported in earnings in the following income statement line items: Trading account assets/liabilities - predominantly trading account income; Net derivative assets - trading account income and other income; Other debt securities carried at fair value - other income; Loans and leases - other income; Loans held-for-sale - other income; Other assets - primarily other income related to MSRs; Long-term debt - primarily trading account income. For MSRs, the amounts reflect the changes in modeled MSR fair value due to observed changes in interest rates, volatility, spreads and the shape of the forward swap curve, and periodic adjustments to the valuation model to reflect changes in the modeled relationships between inputs and projected cash flows, as well as changes in cash flow assumptions including cost to service.
(3) 
Includes unrealized gains (losses) in OCI on AFS debt securities, foreign currency translation adjustments and the impact of changes in the Corporation’s credit spreads on long-term debt accounted for under the fair value option. Total gains (losses) in OCI include net unrealized gains of $112 million related to financial instruments still held at June 30, 2019.
(4) 
Net derivative assets include derivative assets of $3.4 billion and $4.5 billion and derivative liabilities of $4.5 billion and $6.1 billion at June 30, 2019 and 2018.
(5) 
Amounts represent instruments that are accounted for under the fair value option.
(6) 
Issuances represent loan originations and MSRs recognized following securitizations or whole-loan sales.
(7) 
Settlements primarily represent the net change in fair value of the MSR asset due to the recognition of modeled cash flows and the passage of time.
(8) 
Transfers out of AFS debt securities and into other assets relate to the reclassification of certain securities.
The following tables present information about significant unobservable inputs related to the Corporation’s material categories of Level 3 financial assets and liabilities at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.
 
 
 
 
 
 
Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements at June 30, 2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
Inputs
Financial Instrument
Fair
Value
Valuation
Technique
Significant Unobservable
Inputs
Ranges of
Inputs
Weighted Average (1)
Loans and Securities (2)
 
 
 
 
 
Instruments backed by residential real estate assets
$
1,633

Discounted cash flow, Market comparables
Yield
0% to 25%
6%
Trading account assets – Mortgage trading loans, ABS and other MBS
431

Prepayment speed
1% to 27% CPR
17% CPR
Loans and leases
355

Default rate
0% to 3% CDR
1% CDR
Loans held-for-sale
1

Loss severity
0% to 48%
15%
AFS debt securities, primarily non-agency residential
573

Price
$0 to $151
$99
Other debt securities carried at fair value - Non-agency residential
273

 
 
 
Instruments backed by commercial real estate assets
$
264

Discounted cash flow
Yield
0% to 25%
6%
Trading account assets – Corporate securities, trading loans and other
198

Price
$0 to $100
$66
Trading account assets – Mortgage trading loans, ABS and other MBS
66

 
 
 
Commercial loans, debt securities and other
$
3,053

Discounted cash flow, Market comparables
Yield
0% to 13%
6%
Trading account assets – Corporate securities, trading loans and other
1,195

Prepayment speed
10% to 20%
14%
Trading account assets – Non-U.S. sovereign debt
481

Default rate
3% to 4%
4%
Trading account assets – Mortgage trading loans, ABS and other MBS
892

Loss severity
35% to 40%
38%
Loans held-for-sale
485

Price
$0 to $149
$67
Other assets, primarily auction rate securities
$
851

Discounted cash flow, Market comparables
Price
$10 to $100
$95

 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
MSRs
$
1,700

Discounted cash flow
Weighted-average life, fixed rate (5)
0 to 14 years
5 years
 
 
Weighted-average life, variable rate (5)
0 to 9 years
3 years
 
 
Option-adjusted spread, fixed rate
7% to 14%
9%
 
 
Option-adjusted spread, variable rate
9% to 15%
12%
Structured liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
Long-term debt
$
(902
)
Discounted cash flow, Market comparables, Industry standard derivative pricing (3)
Equity correlation
11% to 100%
63%
 
 
Long-dated equity volatilities
6% to 52%
27%
 
 
Price
$0 to $131
$80
 
 
 
 
 
Net derivative assets
 
 
 
 
 
Credit derivatives
$
(14
)
Discounted cash flow, Stochastic recovery correlation model
Yield
5%
n/a
 
 
Upfront points
0 to 100 points
68 points
 
 
Prepayment speed
15% to 100% CPR
38% CPR
 
 
Default rate
1% to 4% CDR
2% CDR
 
 
Loss severity
35%
n/a
 
 
Price
$0 to $138
$93
Equity derivatives
$
(1,010
)
Industry standard derivative pricing (3)
Equity correlation
11% to 100%
63%
 
 
Long-dated equity volatilities
6% to 52%
27%
Commodity derivatives
$
1

Discounted cash flow, Industry standard derivative pricing (3)
Natural gas forward price
$1/MMBtu to $8/MMBtu
$3/MMBtu
 
 
Correlation
30% to 66%
66%
 
 
Volatilities
14% to 48%
32%
Interest rate derivatives
$
(91
)
Industry standard derivative pricing (4)
Correlation (IR/IR)
15% to 70%
51%
 
 
Correlation (FX/IR)
0% to 46%
2%
 
 
Long-dated inflation rates
-21% to 35%
5%
 
 
Long-dated inflation volatilities
0% to 1%
1%
Total net derivative assets
$
(1,114
)
 
 
 
 
(1) 
For loans and securities, structured liabilities and net derivative assets, the weighted average is calculated based upon the absolute fair value of the instruments.
(2) 
The categories are aggregated based upon product type which differs from financial statement classification. The following is a reconciliation to the line items in the table on page 86: Trading account assets – Corporate securities, trading loans and other of $1.4 billion, Trading account assets – Non-U.S. sovereign debt of $481 million, Trading account assets – Mortgage trading loans, ABS and other MBS of $1.4 billion, AFS debt securities of $573 million, Other debt securities carried at fair value - Non-agency residential of $273 million, Other assets, including MSRs, of $2.6 billion, Loans and leases of $355 million and LHFS of $486 million.
(3) 
Includes models such as Monte Carlo simulation and Black-Scholes.
(4) 
Includes models such as Monte Carlo simulation, Black-Scholes and other methods that model the joint dynamics of interest, inflation and foreign exchange rates.
(5) 
The weighted-average life is a product of changes in market rates of interest, prepayment rates and other model and cash flow assumptions.
CPR = Constant Prepayment Rate
CDR = Constant Default Rate
MMBtu = Million British thermal units
IR = Interest Rate
FX = Foreign Exchange
n/a = not applicable
 
 
 
 
 
 
Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
Inputs
Financial Instrument
Fair
Value
Valuation
Technique
Significant Unobservable
Inputs
Ranges of
Inputs
Weighted Average (1)
Loans and Securities (2)
 
 
 
 
 
Instruments backed by residential real estate assets
$
1,536

Discounted cash flow, Market comparables
Yield
0% to 25%
8%
Trading account assets – Mortgage trading loans, ABS and other MBS
419

Prepayment speed
0% to 21% CPR
12% CPR
Loans and leases
338

Default rate
0% to 3% CDR
1% CDR
Loans held-for-sale
1

Loss severity
0% to 51%
17%
AFS debt securities, primarily non-agency residential
606

Price
$0 to $128
$72
Other debt securities carried at fair value - Non-agency residential
172

 
 
 
Instruments backed by commercial real estate assets
$
291

Discounted cash flow
Yield
0% to 25%
7%
Trading account assets – Corporate securities, trading loans and other
200

Price
$0 to $100
$79
Trading account assets – Mortgage trading loans, ABS and other MBS
91

 
 
 
Commercial loans, debt securities and other
$
3,489

Discounted cash flow, Market comparables
Yield
1% to 18%
13%
Trading account assets – Corporate securities, trading loans and other
1,358

Prepayment speed
10% to 20%
15%
Trading account assets – Non-U.S. sovereign debt
465

Default rate
3% to 4%
4%
Trading account assets – Mortgage trading loans, ABS and other MBS
1,125

Loss severity
35% to 40%
38%
Loans held-for-sale
541

Price
$0 to $141
$68
Other assets, primarily auction rate securities
$
890

Discounted cash flow, Market comparables
Price
$10 to $100
$95
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MSRs
$
2,042

Discounted cash flow
Weighted-average life, fixed rate (5)
0 to 14 years
5 years
 
 
Weighted-average life, variable rate (5)
0 to 10 years
3 years
 
 
Option-adjusted spread, fixed rate
7% to 14%
9%
 
 
Option-adjusted spread, variable rate
9% to 15%
12%
Structured liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
Long-term debt
$
(817
)
Discounted cash flow, Market comparables, Industry standard derivative pricing (3)
Equity correlation
11% to 100%
67%
 
 
Long-dated equity volatilities
4% to 84%
32%
 
 
Yield
7% to 18%
16%
 
 
Price
$0 to $100
$72
Net derivative assets
 
 
 
 
 
Credit derivatives
$
(565
)
Discounted cash flow, Stochastic recovery correlation model
Yield
0% to 5%
4%
 
 
Upfront points
0 points to 100 points
70 points
 
 
Credit correlation
70%
n/a
 
 
Prepayment speed
15% to 20% CPR
15% CPR
 
 
Default rate
1% to 4% CDR
2% CDR
 
 
Loss severity
35%
n/a
 
 
Price
$0 to $138
$93
Equity derivatives
$
(348
)
Industry standard derivative pricing (3)
Equity correlation
11% to 100%
67%
 
 
Long-dated equity volatilities
4% to 84%
32%
Commodity derivatives
$
10

Discounted cash flow, Industry standard derivative pricing (3)
Natural gas forward price
$1/MMBtu to $12/MMBtu
$3/MMBtu
 
 
Correlation
38% to 87%
71%
 
 
Volatilities
15% to 132%
38%
Interest rate derivatives
$
(32
)
Industry standard derivative pricing (4)
Correlation (IR/IR)
15% to 70%
61%
 
 
Correlation (FX/IR)
0% to 46%
1%
 
 
Long-dated inflation rates
-20% to 38%
2%
 
 
Long-dated inflation volatilities
0% to 1%
1%
Total net derivative assets
$
(935
)
 
 
 
 

(1) 
For loans and securities, structured liabilities and net derivative assets, the weighted average is calculated based upon the absolute fair value of the instruments.
(2) 
The categories are aggregated based upon product type which differs from financial statement classification. The following is a reconciliation to the line items in the table on page 87: Trading account assets – Corporate securities, trading loans and other of $1.6 billion, Trading account assets – Non-U.S. sovereign debt of $465 million, Trading account assets – Mortgage trading loans, ABS and other MBS of $1.6 billion, AFS debt securities of $606 million, Other debt securities carried at fair value - Non-agency residential of $172 million, Other assets, including MSRs, of 2.9 billion, Loans and leases of $338 million and LHFS of $542 million.
(3) 
Includes models such as Monte Carlo simulation and Black-Scholes.
(4) 
Includes models such as Monte Carlo simulation, Black-Scholes and other methods that model the joint dynamics of interest, inflation and foreign exchange rates.
(5) 
The weighted-average life is a product of changes in market rates of interest, prepayment rates and other model and cash flow assumptions.
CPR = Constant Prepayment Rate
CDR = Constant Default Rate
MMBtu = Million British thermal units
IR = Interest Rate
FX = Foreign Exchange
n/a = not applicable
Uncertainty of Fair Value Measurements from Unobservable Inputs
For information on the types of instruments, valuation approaches and the impact of changes in unobservable inputs used in Level 3 measurements, see Note 20 – Fair Value Measurements to the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Corporation’s 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Nonrecurring Fair Value
The Corporation holds certain assets that are measured at fair value, but only in certain situations (e.g., impairment) and these measurements are referred to herein as nonrecurring. The amounts below represent assets still held as of the reporting date for which a nonrecurring fair value adjustment was recorded during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.